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License: MIT License
Sample Automation runbooks
License: MIT License
I have two requirements for error handling in a PowerShell runbook:
I've tried several minimal scripts while attempting to meet these requirements, however none satisfy both together.
$result = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://httpbin.org/status/404'
$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
$result = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://httpbin.org/status/404'
$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
try {
$result = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://httpbin.org/status/404'
}
catch {
Write-Error $_
}
$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
try {
$result = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://httpbin.org/status/404'
}
catch {
Throw $_
}
Practically, catching and throwing the same error shouldn't be any different to not catching it in the first place (as in scenario 2), however I've included it here for completeness.
Scenario | Runbook status | Error logged | Requirements |
---|---|---|---|
1. Default behaviour | Completed | Yes | ❌ ✔️ |
2. Stop on error | Failed | None found | ✔️ ❌ |
3. Catch and log | Failed | None found | ✔️ ❌ |
4. Catch and throw | Failed | None found | ✔️ ❌ |
Is it possible to set up a PowerShell runbook that will satisfy both of my requirements?
I'm using a PowerShell 5.1 runbook running on 'Azure' in the Australia East region.
the version of powershell run in azure automation has a bug for ps objects count when the value is 1.
sample code:
$myHashtable1 = @{
Name = 'Bob'
State = 'New York'
}
$myHashtable2 = @{
Name = 'Bob'
State = 'New York'
}
$myHashtable3 = @{
Name = 'Joe'
State = 'New Jersey'
}
$PSVersionTable
$MyPSObject = @()
$MyPSObject += [pscustomobject]$myHashtable1
$MyPSObject.Count
$MyPSObject += [pscustomobject]$myHashtable2
$MyPSObject.Count
$MyPSObject += [pscustomobject]$myHashtable3
$MyPSObject.Count
$justJoe = $MyPSObject | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "Joe" }
$justJoe.Count # this will not return a value when it should
$justJoe | measure-object
Hi! We have some user onboarding/offboarding scripts that run on hybrid workers. Sometimes, when there are several jobs running at the same time on the same hybrid worker, a script will eventually be able to read data from another job that is running at the same time.
A simplified example:
1 $Var1 = "1"
2 if ($Var1 -eq "1") {
3 $Email = "[email protected]"
4 }
5
6 .\ChildScript.ps1 -parameter1 "something" -parameter2 $Email
In Job 1, $Var1 is "1", so $Email will be created and populated with "[email protected]".
In Job 2, $Var1 is "6", so $Email is never created. It should be $null all along the script.
Expected behavior: In Job 2, line 6 will send nothing in parameter2.
What happens: If there are many jobs running at the same time, sometimes Job 2 will send "[email protected]" on line 6, which is an e-mail that was assigned to $Email in Job 1.
It doesn't happen every time, but we were able to consistently trigger this by sending several jobs (50 to 80) at the same time.
Shouldn't the variables be sandboxed in it's own powershell process?
Additional info, in case it makes any difference:
Hard coded Azure URIs at lines 82, 88, and 115 prevent this from working in non-AzureCloud instances
I can't determine where this script lives. It's not in this repo. It's unclear from its home page at https://www.powershellgallery.com/packages/ReRegisterAutomationSchedule-MS-Mgmt/1.0/DisplayScript
However, that page does say that it's owned by the Azure Automation Team, which I'm assuming is you.
I found a case where it's failing. I have a disabled or "Off" schedule for a runbook.
The script errors out like so:
Get-AzureRmAutomationScheduledRunbook : Invalid JSON primitive: az-resource-manager.
At .\ReRegisterAutomationSchedule-MS-Mgmt.ps1:74 char:14
+ ... $sItem = Get-AzureRmAutomationScheduledRunbook -AutomationAccount ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : CloseError: (:) [Get-AzureRmAutomationScheduledRunbook], CmdletInvocationException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.Azure.Commands.Automation.Cmdlet.GetAzureAutomationScheduledRunbook
When I run the command to install the script, I am receiving the following error.
Install-Script -Name New-OnPremiseHybridWorker
PackageManagement\Install-Package : Script 'C:\Users\R-Cc\AppData\Local\Temp\77671\New-OnPremiseHybridWorker\New-OnPremiseHybridWorker.ps1' is missing required metadata properties. Verify that the script file has Version, Guid, Description and
Author properties. You can use the Update-ScriptFileInfo or New-ScriptFileInfo cmdlet to add or update the PSScriptInfo to the script file.
At C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules\PowerShellGet\1.0.0.1\PSModule.psm1:3500 char:21
+ ... $null = PackageManagement\Install-Package @PSBoundParameters
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidArgument: (C:\Users\R-Cc...ybridWorker.ps1:String) [Install-Package], Exception
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : MissingRequiredPSScriptInfoProperties,Test-ScriptFileInfo,Microsoft.PowerShell.PackageManagement.Cmdlets.InstallPackage
I was able to install it on Windows10 workstation and noticed that the script file has all the parameters mentioned above except 'Description'.
One interesting log I found is
VERBOSE: Hash for package 'New-OnPremiseHybridWorker' does not match hash provided from the server.
Did anyone else face this issue?
I have set up a source control integration to automatically pull runbooks from an Azure DevOps repository. However, any new runbooks default to PowerShell 5.1. Is there any way to set the runtime dynamically in the PowerShell code? Or set a default runtime for all new runbooks?
Separately, is there any effort to allow changing runtime after a runbook has been published?
I keep getting the following when I run this in my Internal MAG sub.
`Invoke-RestMethod : The remote name could not be resolved: 'msconfiggallery.cloudapp.net'
At line:96 char:21
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Currently we are unable to perform automated registration of our servers via DSC as it isn't allowing System.Management.Automation.PSCredential to be used for the Credentials.
"unknown_user_type: Unknown User Type"
I'm not technically sure if you would class this as an issue, but it would be useful if it was possible.
Thanks
I switched some hybrid worker runbooks to PS7.2 and everything seems to be working fine however the output now comes with extra chatter that seems to be part of the verbose logging (which is also disabled.). It looks like there is some sort of data leak happening.
`Name Value
PSVersion 7.4.1
PSEdition Core
GitCommitId 7.4.1
OS Microsoft Windows 10.0.17763
Platform Win32NT
PSCompatibleVersions {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0…}
PSRemotingProtocolVersion 2.3
SerializationVersion 1.1.0.1
WSManStackVersion 3.0`
Since the JSON output is used in a Logic App it completely tripped the logic app as well due malformed JSON.
I noticed that Get-AutomationVariable in PowerShell 7.1 returns a normal string for a string variable:
But in PowerShell 7.2 the returned string contains quotation marks as part of the variable itself:
I'm not sure if this is due to the implementation of Get-AutomationVariable or something in the new PowerShell version, but it seems like you should not have to strip quotation marks from a string variable prior to using it.
Error: Runbook "Enable-MultipleSolution" cannot find cmdlet Find-AzureRMResource.
When executing runbook Exception shows:
The module AzureRM.OperationalInsights is not available. Please import from the gallery on the modules page. (The module AzureRM.OperationalInsights is not available. Please import from the gallery on the modules page.)
This Module has been imported correctly as shown in the guide.
Specific runbook error shows:
Find-AzureRmResource : The term 'Find-AzureRmResource' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program.
A little research shows me that the runbook "Enable-MultiSolution" needs the modules AzureRM.Profile.Netcore and AzureRM.Resources.Netcore which contains the function Find-AzureRMResource.
However, when importing AzureRM.Profile.Netcore the following error shows:
Importing of module failed
Error importing the module AzureRM.Profile.Netcore. Import failed with the following error: Orchestrator.Shared.AsyncModuleImport.ModuleImportException: While importing the module, an error occurred while processing the module content. Internal error message: The following error occurred while loading the extended type data file: , C:\Users\Client\Temp\MJMVYOUSHV\AzureRM.Profile.Netcore\Microsoft.Azure.Commands.Profile.types.ps1xml(85) : Error: Unable to find type [Microsoft.Azure.Commands.Profile.Models.AzureContextConverter]. .
I also tried deleting AzureRM.Resources, AzureRM.Profile & AzureRM.Automation which resets modules to version 1.0.3.
Starting Runbook now gives the following error:
_Find-AzureRmResource : A parameter cannot be found that matches parameter name 'AzureRmContext'.
At line:116 char:98
So I replaced -AzureRMContext with -DefaultProfile but then DefaultProfile is unknown.
I give up. This solution needs some reviewing and updating. Please advise. Followed the guide:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/automation/automation-onboard-solutions
Please update your script:
Enable-AzureRmAlias
.Thanks
Hi,
i just followed the azure documentation and used the import_py3package_from_pypi script. The script seems to be completly broken.
Per test in my lab, need to add below to the code so the script could still work .
solution:
add --user to the below three lines.
add below to the code will fix the issue
Now the runbook could work.
Please update the code accordingly.
Import-ModuleFromPSGalleryToAutomation.ps1
fails for some modules where the page title does not match the module name, such as AzureAD (where the title is 'Azure Active Directory V2 PowerShell Module - General Availability Release'). Normally the module name is the same as the title, but in some cases it's not. I'll send a PR here in a little bit, but wanted to open the issue just in case I forget.
Running New-OnPremiseHybridWorker in PowerShell 7 fails with the following error:
Exception: C:\Users\theboss\Documents\PowerShell\Scripts\New-OnPremiseHybridWorker.ps1:385 Line | 385 | throw "The HybridRegistration module was not found. Please ensure … | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | The HybridRegistration module was not found. Please ensure the Microsoft Monitoring Agent was | correctly installed.
The failure seems to be on
Import-Module .\HybridRegistration.psd1
...which returns
Import-Module: Could not load type 'System.Web.HttpException' from assembly 'System.Web, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a'.
This works in PowerShell 5.1, but I'm not able to run the full script in 5.1 because I need to retain the AzureRM module. I don't want to downgrade to PowerShell 6...
We happen to have our Log Analytics Workspaces in a dedicated subscription.
An additional parameter needs to be added to support this. Then it's a matter of toggling the AZContext in a couple of places in the script to make this work.
The https://github.com/azureautomation/runbooks/blob/master/Utility/SQL/Update-SQLIndexRunbook.ps1 does not handle schema. Therefore when having tables with the same name but in different schemas, this script does not work!
I can make a pull request to include schema as I manually changed the script for my environment. Let me know!
Cause
When script is run, it assumes PSGallery as (single) source for AzureRm. The script fails when there are more sources for the defined module, because it finds multiple versions.
C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\scripts\New-OnPremiseHybridWorker.ps1 : Cannot process argument transformation on parameter
'RequiredVersion'. Cannot convert value to type System.String.
At line:1 char:1
+ .\New-OnPremiseHybridWorker.ps1 -AutomationAccountName Billing -AARes ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidData: (:) [New-OnPremiseHybridWorker.ps1], ParameterBindingArgumentTransformationException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : ParameterArgumentTransformationError,New-OnPremiseHybridWorker.ps1
Solution
Add the source in the code
I have created a runbook for running the python file:
https://github.com/azureautomation/runbooks/blob/master/Utility/Python/import_py3package_from_pypi.py
However when I start it, it fails. It seems there is a bug in getting the parameters.
By starting it from portal, it doesn't ask for any parameters. I have also tried to run it via powershell:
$params = @{"subscription_id"="xxx";"resource_group"="xxx";"automation_account"=xxx;"module_name"="xxx"}
Start-AzAutomationRunbook -AutomationAccountName "xxx" -Name "xxx" -ResourceGroupName "xxx" -Parameters $params
I have followed the following doc:
python-3-packages
After it failed when I check the input , the parameter names display like: [PARAMETER 1], [PARAMETER 2],...
Sorry.. I just realized that it should be sent as one parameter like:
-s xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxx -g contosogroup -a contosoaccount -m pytz
so I close the issue.
We are following the answer provided in stackoverflow and trying to automate the secret expiry notification of our key vaults and enable auto rotation of secrets using azuredevops pipelines.
We are getting "No such host is known" error while we are trying to invoke the azuredevops server pipeline hosted in on premise from the azure runbook automation script.
param
(
[Parameter (Mandatory = $false)]
[object] $WebhookData
)
#If runbook was called from Webhook, WebhookData will not be null.
if ($WebhookData) {
#Run Azure DevOps REST API to trigger the pipeline
$token = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
$token = [System.Convert]::ToBase64String([System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes(":$($token)"))
$url = "https://myado.com/devops/myorganization/myproject/_apis/build/builds?api-version=6.0"
$body = @"
{
`"definition`": {
`"id`": xxxxx
}
}
"@
$head = @{ Authorization =" Basic $token" }
Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $url -Method Post -Headers $head -Body $body -ContentType application/json
}
else
{
# Error
write-Error "No input data found."
}
The Get-AutomationCertificate command does not work in PowerShell 7.2 runtime.
The same command works without any problem in PowerShell 5.1. Addition to that, it was also working for the PowerShell 7.2 10 days ago. It is a new bug in the 7.2 runtime. The 7.2 runtime somehow does not have access to the automation account certificates.
The error message: Object not found.
That means, we don't have any possibility to use certificates with the PowerShell 7.2 runtime. I would be very happy, if there would be fix for that as soon as possible.
Thank you!!
If dependency module versions differ, the dependency module could be downgraded. The original module will then fail.
Could be replaced with:
if((!$AutomationModule) -or [System.Version]$DependencyVersion -gt [System.Version]$($AutomationModule.Version)) {
I tried to use the import python3 package script to update azure mgmt libraries.
Everything works fine however when I install adal, it installs a new version of cryptographie and now, I am unable to login by token because of the error :
The version of cryptography does not match the loaded shared object. This can happen if you have multiple copies of cryptography installed in your Python path. Please try creating a new virtual environment to resolve this issue. Loaded python version: 3.4.6, shared object version: b'2.8'
The version of Update New-OnPremiseHybridWorker.ps1 located at https://www.powershellgallery.com/packages/New-OnPremiseHybridWorker/1.4/Content/New-OnPremiseHybridWorker.ps1 has a bug on line 227. The line says:
if ($OMSResouceGroupName)
The variable name $OMSResouceGroupName is spelled wrong (an "r" is missing). It should be $OMSResourceGroupName.
However, the version in the repo is correct.
Filing this so we can track the follow up. We need to update release notes for the latest change.
https://github.com/azureautomation/runbooks/blob/master/Utility/ARM/New-OnPremiseHybridWorker.ps1
Also could this be corrected to "on-premises"? It would be a (very) breaking change.
while executing New-AzureADApplicationKeyCredential from Azure Automation runbook its throwing error :
Error occurred while executing SetApplication Code: Authorization_RequestDenied Message: Insufficient privileges to complete the operation. RequestId: 59574612-93fa-4e13-b409-4fab03e6fe6f DateTimeStamp: Mon, 22 Jun 2020 11:08:33 GMT HttpStatusCode: Forbidden HttpStatusDescription: Forbidden HttpResponseStatus: Completed (Error occurred while executing SetApplication Code: Authorization_RequestDenied Message: Insufficient privileges to complete the operation. RequestId: 59574612-93fa-4e13-b409-4fab03e6fe6f DateTimeStamp: Mon, 22 Jun 2020 11:08:33 GMT HttpStatusCode: Forbidden HttpStatusDescription: Forbidden HttpResponseStatus: Completed )
I have already provided below API permissions for the Azure application of Automation Account :
I came up with the issue that Update-ModulesInAutomationToLatestVersion doesn't update models and failing with "The running command stopped because the preference variable "ErrorActionPreference" or common parameter is set to Stop: The Automation account was not found."
But apparently the script is stopped at
$Modules = Get-AzureRmAutomationModule -ResourceGroupName $ResourceGroupName
-AutomationAccountName $AutomationAccountName
and not modules are retrieved.
even trying to run this from the PS
Azure:/
PS Azure:> Get-AzureRmAutomationModule
cmdlet Get-AzureRmAutomationModule at command pipeline position 1
Supply values for the following parameters:
(Type !? for Help.)
ResourceGroupName: iot
AutomationAccountName: MyAutomation
Get-AzureRmAutomationModule : The Automation account was not found.
At line:1 char:1
I have "MyAutomation" Account name created and it's valid.
Any update or fix for this ?
Line 53 has the erroraction on the end of line, but should be moved left of the pipe for the new-azroleassignment, could even remove the write-verbose and pipe altogether.
Otherwise the script error stops and fails to return application id.
In my case the system appears to automatically assign the role and that caused the first new-azroleassignment to return null due to the role already being assigned.
The following code
# Check that the resource groups are valid $null = Get-AzureRmResourceGroup -Name $AAResourceGroupName if ($OMSResouceGroupName) { $null = Get-AzureRmResourceGroup -Name $OMSResourceGroupName } else { $OMSResourceGroupName = $AAResourceGroupName }
should be more like
# Check that the resource groups are valid if (-not $OMSResouceGroupName) { $OMSResouceGroupName = Get-AzureRmResourceGroup -Name $AAResourceGroupName | select -ExpandProperty ResourceGroupName }
Cannot use script on Server Core when MFA is enabled.
PS C:\Users\admin> New-OnPremiseHybridWorker.ps1 @NewOnPremiseHybridWorkerParameters
Importing necessary modules...
Successfully installed version 5.2.0 of Az...
Pulling Azure account credentials...
Connecting with the Following Parameters
WARNING: Unable to acquire token for tenant 'organizations'
WARNING: Please run 'Connect-AzAccount -DeviceCode' if browser is not supported in this session.
Connect-AzAccount : InteractiveBrowserCredential authentication failed: Unable to load DLL 'IEFRAME.dll': The specified module could not be found. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x8007007E)
At C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Scripts\New-OnPremiseHybridWorker.ps1:237 char:12
+ $Account = Connect-AzAccount @paramsplat
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : CloseError: (:) [Connect-AzAccount], AuthenticationFailedException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.Azure.Commands.Profile.ConnectAzureRmAccountCommand
PS C:\Users\admin>
"HybridRegistration" can not be imported in PowerShell 7, but if the script detected what version of PowerShell it was executing in, it could make the choice to import the module using the '-UseWindowsPowerShell` switch.
I'm trying to print the type of the value of Azure Automation Account's Automation variable using the below code in an automation runbook of type PowerShell.
$var1 = ((Get-AzureRmAutomationVariable -Name "ArrayVar" -ResourceGroupName "automation-ps-rg" -AutomationAccountName "automation-ps-aa").Value).GetType()
$var1
I'm seeing that this causes runbook to fail and retry for 3 times and eventually fail with the below message.
Suspended
The runbook job was attempted 3 times, but it failed each time.
This also happens when I replace the Get-AzureRmAutomationVariable cmdlet with Get-AutomationVariable cmdlet
Currently doing a .GetType().Name to get the name of the type but printing the System.Type object to stream seems to be failing as suggested by the answer posted here on Stack Overflow.
It fails to find the MMA directory which exists in the correct path as anticipated, maybe its unable to get the version number folder name?
After modifying Line 364 to the full path it works fine
i.e. cd "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Monitoring Agent\Agent\AzureAutomation\7.3.837.0\HybridRegistration"
Hi there,
I'm new to Auzre Automation, therefore I'm a little confused with the Parameters, For the Mandatory field VMResourceGroup, I used [EmptyString] then added a resource group, and VM for the AlreadyonboardedVM and AlreadyonboardedVMResourceGroup. But I'm getting the error: Cannot bind argument to parameter 'Vmresourcegroup because it is an empty string.
Thank you
Need some help, this may not actually be a script issue.
the Following code errors when run in the script:
$ModuleContentUrl = (Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $ModuleContentUrl -MaximumRedirection 0 -UseBasicParsing -ErrorAction Ignore).Headers.Location
When it run's the parameter is set to the following:
$ModuleContentUrl = "https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2/package/Az.Automation/1.3.5"
And we get the following error:
Invoke-WebRequest : Object moved
Object moved to here.
At line:1 char:22
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Any guidance would be great.
Can this script be update to no longer use AzureRM modules? Instead, use Az modules...
Thanks!
It seems there has been a change on the python 3 environment used by Automation.
Last week I used import_py3package_from_pypi for importing azure-identity and it worked fine, now it doesn't. It fails with:
Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\WPy64-3800\python-3.8.0.amd64\lib\automationassets.py", line 155, in _issue_request response = urllib.request.urlopen(request) File "C:\WPy64-3800\python-3.8.0.amd64\lib\urllib\request.py", line 222, in urlopen return opener.open(url, data, timeout) File "C:\WPy64-3800\python-3.8.0.amd64\lib\urllib\request.py", line 531, in open response = meth(req, response) File "C:\WPy64-3800\python-3.8.0.amd64\lib\urllib\request.py", line 640, in http_response response = self.parent.error( File "C:\WPy64-3800\python-3.8.0.amd64\lib\urllib\request.py", line 569, in error return self._call_chain(*args) File "C:\WPy64-3800\python-3.8.0.amd64\lib\urllib\request.py", line 502, in _call_chain result = func(*args) File "C:\WPy64-3800\python-3.8.0.amd64\lib\urllib\request.py", line 649, in http_error_default raise HTTPError(req.full_url, code, msg, hdrs, fp)urllib.error.HTTPError: HTTP Error 404: Not FoundDuring handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Temp\rwkbzl2s.0mz\fc3f4da0-b392-474b-8049-8403db2e0522", line 127, in <module> token = get_automation_runas_token() File "C:\Temp\rwkbzl2s.0mz\fc3f4da0-b392-474b-8049-8403db2e0522", line 40, in get_automation_runas_token cert = automationassets.get_automation_certificate("AzureRunAsCertificate") File "C:\WPy64-3800\python-3.8.0.amd64\lib\automationassets.py", line 237, in get_automation_certificate certificate = _client.get_certificate_asset(name) File "C:\WPy64-3800\python-3.8.0.amd64\lib\automationassets.py", line 191, in get_certificate_asset return self._issue_request(url, self._GET) File "C:\WPy64-3800\python-3.8.0.amd64\lib\automationassets.py", line 158, in _issue_request raise AutomationAssetNotFound()automationassets.AutomationAssetNotFound
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