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<H1>
<B><FONT COLOR="#00CC00">J</FONT><FONT COLOR="#FF0000">U</FONT><FONT COLOR="#000000">nit</FONT></B>
2</H1>
01/08/98 Erich Gamma and Kent Beck

<P>JUnit is a simple framework to write repeatable tests. JUnit can be
used with JDK 1.1.* and JDK 1.2.
<UL>
<LI>
<A HREF="#Summary of">Summary of Changes</A></LI>

<LI>
<A HREF="#Contents">Contents</A></LI>

<LI>
<A HREF="#Installation">Installation</A></LI>

<LI>
<A HREF="#Getting">Getting Started</A></LI>

<LI>
<A HREF="#Documentation">Documentation</A></LI>

<LI>
<A HREF="#Extending">Extending JUnit</A></LI>

<LI>
<A HREF="doc/license.htm">License</A></LI>
</UL>

<H2>
<A NAME="Summary of"></A>Summary of Changes</H2>
The focus of this release was to refactor parts of the framework and to
make it more consistent. In addition, we have simplified the writing and
running of tests.
<H3>
Framework</H3>

<UL>
<LI>
We renamed the package prefix for all junit classes from "test" to "junit."</LI>

<LI>
<A NAME="Support to extract TestSuites"></A>This version extracts test
suites automatically. TestSuite now provides a constructor <TT><A HREF="javadoc/junit.framework.TestSuite.html#TestSuite(java.lang.Class)"><B>TestSuite</B>(Class
theClass)</A></TT>. This constructor adds all the methods from the given
class starting with "test" as test cases to the suite. This avoids you
having to update the suite method manually when adding a new test. For
example, the <B>suite</B>() method of the VectorTest can now be written
as:</LI>

<UL>publ<TT>ic static Test suite() {</TT>
<BR><TT>&nbsp; return new <B>TestSuite(VectorTest.class);</B></TT>
<BR><TT>}</TT></UL>

<LI>
Several new assert methods were added: assertNotNull(Object object), assertNotNull(String
message, Object object),&nbsp; fail(String message).</LI>

<LI>
Exceptions during setUp() and tearDown() are now caught and reported.</LI>

<LI>
A warning is now given when a TestCase class isn't public or has not test
methods.</LI>

<LI>
All the assert methods are now public.</LI>
</UL>

<H3>
TestRunner</H3>

<UL>
<LI>
Both the batch and the interactive TestRunner no longer require that the
Test class provides a static <B>suite()</B> method. If there is no suite
method all the public void methods starting with "test" and no arguments
are run (<A HREF="#Support to extract TestSuites">see above</A>).</LI>

<LI>
There is a new variation of the graphical TestRunner (junit.ui.TestRunner)
the <B><A HREF="javadoc/junit.ui.LoadingTestRunner.html">LoadingTestRunner</A></B>.
The LoadingTestRunner uses a <A HREF="javadoc/junit.ui.TestCaseClassLoader.html">custom
class loader </A>to reload user classes for each test run. This avoids
that the TestRunner tool needs to be restarted for each run. The old TestRunner
attempted to address this by making assumptions about the garbage collection
of classes which were not portable. In particular, the old scheme would
not work at all with JDK1.2.</LI>

<BR><B>Notice</B>, in an environment with dynamic object migration support
or <I>hot code updating</I> like VisualAge for Java this isn't an issue.
There, the environment takes care of updating the code and objects run
by the TestRunner. When using JUnit with VisualAge for Java, just use the
standard junit.ui.TestRunner.
<LI>
When the graphical TestRunner is run under Visual Age for Java there is
additional <B>run</B> button to rerun a failed test. This is typically
used to set a breakpoint in the test method and to rerun it under the debugger.</LI>

<LI>
The TestRunners support the command line option <B>-c TestClassName</B>.
This allows you to run them&nbsp; as VisualAge for Java tools. Once you
have JUnit installed as a VAJ tool you can select the Test class and run
its tests from a VAJ menu (see how to run JUnit as a <A HREF="doc/vaj/vaj.htm">VisualAge
for Java tool</A>).</LI>

<LI>
The batch TestRunner supports a runAndWait method to run a suite and wait
until the user types RETURN.</LI>
</UL>

<H2>
<A NAME="Contents"></A>Contents of the Release</H2>

<TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0 >
<TR>
<TD><TT>README.html&nbsp;</TT>&nbsp;</TD>

<TD>this file</TD>
</TR>

<TR>
<TD><TT>junit.jar</TT></TD>

<TD>a jar file with the JUnit framework and&nbsp; tools&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>

<TR>
<TD><TT>junit</TT></TD>

<TD>the source code of the JUnit framework, tools and samples</TD>
</TR>

<TR>
<TD><TT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; framework&nbsp;</TT></TD>

<TD>the JUnit test framework</TD>
</TR>

<TR>
<TD><TT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; textui</TT></TD>

<TD>a command line interface to run tests</TD>
</TR>

<TR>
<TD><TT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ui</TT></TD>

<TD>a graphical user interface to run tests</TD>
</TR>

<TR>
<TD><TT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; samples</TT></TD>

<TD>sample test cases</TD>
</TR>

<TR>
<TD><TT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tests</TT></TD>

<TD>test cases for JUnit itself</TD>
</TR>

<TR>
<TD><TT>javadoc</TT></TD>

<TD>javadoc generated documentation</TD>
</TR>

<TR>
<TD><TT>doc</TT></TD>

<TD>documentation and articles</TD>
</TR>

<TR>
<TD>vaj</TD>

<TD>Files for using JUnit with VisualAge for Java</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>

<H2>
<A NAME="Installation"></A>Installation</H2>
Below are the installation steps for installing JUnit:
<OL>
<LI>
unzip the junit2.zip file</LI>

<LI>
add<I> </I><B>junit.jar</B> to the CLASSPATH. For example: <TT>set classpath=%classpath%;INSTALL_DIR\junit2\junit.jar</TT></LI>

<LI>
test the installation by using either the batch or the graphical TestRunner
tool to run the tests that come with this release. All the tests should
pass OK.</LI>

<UL>
<LI>
for the batch TestRunner type: <TT>java junit.textui.TestRunner junit.samples.AllTests</TT></LI>

<LI>
for the graphical TestRunner type: <TT>java junit.ui.TestRunner junit.samples.AllTests</TT></LI>
</UL>
</OL>

<H2>
<A NAME="Getting"></A>Getting Started</H2>
To get started with unit testing and JUnit read the Java Report article:
<A HREF="doc/testinfected/testing.htm">Test Infected - Programmers Love
Writing Tests</A>.
<BR>This article demonstrates the development process with JUnit in the
context of multiple currency arithmetic. The corresponding source code
is in test\samples\money.

<P>You find additional samples in test.samples package:
<UL>
<LI>
SimpleTest.java - some simple test cases</LI>

<LI>
VectorTest.java - test cases for java.util.Vector</LI>
</UL>

<H2>
<A NAME="Documentation"></A>Documentation</H2>

<BLOCKQUOTE><A HREF="doc/cookbook/cookbook.htm">JUnit Cookbook</A>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A cookbook for implementing tests with JUnit.
<BR><A HREF="doc/testinfected/testing.htm">Test Infected - Programmers
Love Writing Tests</A>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; An article demonstrating the development process
with JUnit.
<BR><A HREF="javadoc/packages.html">Javadoc</A>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; API documentation generated with javadoc.
<BR><A HREF="doc/vaj/vaj.htm">Using JUnit with VisualAge for Java</A>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hints about how to use JUnit in the VisualAge for
Java environment.
<BR><A HREF="doc/faq/faq.htm">Frequently asked questions</A>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Some frequently asked questions about using JUnit.</BLOCKQUOTE>

<H2>
<A NAME="Extending"></A>Extending JUnit</H2>
Examples of possible JUnit extensions can be found in the <TT>test.extensions</TT>
package:
<UL>
<LI>
<A HREF="javadoc/junit.extensions.TestDecorator.html">TestDecorator</A>
- A Decorator for Test. You can use it as the base class for implementing
decorators to extend test cases.</LI>

<LI>
<A HREF="javadoc/junit.extensions.ActiveTest.html">ActiveTest</A> - A Decorator
which runs each test in a separate thread.</LI>

<LI>
<A HREF="javadoc/junit.extensions.TestSetup.html">TestSetup</A> - A Decorator
to set up and tear down additional fixture state. Subclass TestSetup and
insert it into your tests when you want to set up additional state once
before the tests are run.</LI>
</UL>

<H2>
Acknowledgements</H2>
Many people gave us feedback on JUnit 1. Here is a likely incomplete list:
Martin Fowler, Marnix Klustner, Marcio Marchini, Nick Edgar, Michael C.
Feathers.
<BR>Andr&eacute; Weinand rewrote the graphical TestRunner and Carolyn MacLeod
showed us how to do the VisualAge for Java tool integration.
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