ifte-13 / structured_query_language

Sharpen SQL skills with this curated collection of practice code snippets. Explore diverse SQL challenges and queries, perfect for honing database manipulation and querying expertise.

SQL COMMANDS

1. DDL (Data Defination Language)

• CREATE
• ALTER
• DROP
• RENAME
• TRUNCATE
• COMMENT

2. DML (Data Manipulation Language)

• SELECT
• INSERT
• UPDATE
• DELETE
• MERGE
• CALL
• EXPLAIN PLAN
• LOCK TABLE

3. DCL (Data Control Language)

• GRANT
• REVOKE

4. TCL (Transaction Control Language)

• COMMIT
• ROLLBACK
• SAVE POINT
• SET
• TRANSACTION

CREATE TABLE

• DEPT table

  CREATE TABLE DEPT (DEPTNO NUMBER(2) CONSTRAINT PK_DEPT PRIMARY KEY, DNAME VARCHAR2(14) , LOC VARCHAR2(13) );
  
  INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (10,'ACCOUNTING','NEW YORK');
  INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (20,'RESEARCH','DALLAS');
  INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (30,'SALES','CHICAGO');
  INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (40,'OPERATIONS','BOSTON');
  

• EMP table

  CREATE TABLE EMP (EMPNO NUMBER(4) CONSTRAINT PK_EMP PRIMARY KEY, ENAME VARCHAR2(10), JOB VARCHAR2(9), MGR NUMBER(4),HIREDATE DATE, SAL NUMBER(7,2), COMM NUMBER(7,2), DEPTNO NUMBER(2) CONSTRAINT FK_DEPTNO REFERENCES DEPT);
  
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7369,'SMITH','CLERK',7902,to_date('17-12-1980','dd-mm-yyyy'),800,NULL,20);
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7499,'ALLEN','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('20-2-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),1600,300,30);
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7521,'WARD','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('22-2-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),1250,500,30);
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7566,'JONES','MANAGER',7839,to_date('2-4-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),2975,NULL,20);
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7654,'MARTIN','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('28-9-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),1250,1400,30);
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7698,'BLAKE','MANAGER',7839,to_date('1-5-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),2850,NULL,30);
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7782,'CLARK','MANAGER',7839,to_date('9-6-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),2450,NULL,10);
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7788,'SCOTT','ANALYST',7566,to_date('13-JUL-87')-85,3000,NULL,20);
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7839,'KING','PRESIDENT',NULL,to_date('17-11-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),5000,NULL,10);
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7844,'TURNER','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('8-9-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),1500,0,30);
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7876,'ADAMS','CLERK',7788,to_date('13-JUL-87')-51,1100,NULL,20);
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7900,'JAMES','CLERK',7698,to_date('3-12-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'),950,NULL,30);
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7902,'FORD','ANALYST',7566,to_date('3-12-1981','dd-mm-yyyy'), 3000,NULL,20);
  INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7934,'MILLER','CLERK',7782,to_date('23-1-1982','dd-mm-yyyy'),1300,NULL,10);
  

• SALGRADE table

  CREATE TABLE SALGRADE (GRADE NUMBER, LOSAL NUMBER, HISAL NUMBER );
  
  INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (1,700,1200);
  INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (2,1201,1400);
  INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (3,1401,2000);
  INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (4,2001,3000);
  INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (5,3001,9999);
  

OBJECT BROWSER

EMP TABLE

Column Name	Data Type	Nullable	Default	Primary Key
EMPNO	NUMBER(4,0)	No	-	1
ENAME	VARCHAR2(10)	Yes	-	-
JOB	VARCHAR2(9)	Yes	-	-
MGR	NUMBER(4,0)	Yes	-	-
HIREDATE	DATE	Yes	-	-
SAL	NUMBER(7,2)	Yes	-	-
COMM	NUMBER(7,2)	Yes	-	-
DEPTNO	NUMBER(2,0)	Yes	-	-

DEPT TABLE

Column Name	Data Type	Nullable	Default	Primary Key
DEPTNO	NUMBER(2,0)	No	-	1
DNAME	VARCHAR2(14)	Yes	-	-
LOC	VARCHAR2(13)	Yes	-	-

SALGRADE TABLE

Column Name	Data Type	Nullable	Default	Primary Key
GRADE	NUMBER	Yes	-	-
LOSAL	NUMBER	Yes	-	-
HISAL	NUMBER	Yes	-	-

DATA

EMP TABLE

EMPNO	ENAME	JOB	MGR	HIREDATE	SAL	COMM	DEPTNO
7369	SMITH	CLERK	7902	17-DEC-80	800	-	20
7499	ALLEN	SALESMAN	7698	20-FEB-81	1600	300	30
7521	WARD	SALESMAN	7698	22-FEB-81	1250	500	30
7566	JONES	MANAGER	7839	02-APR-81	2975	-	20
7654	MARTIN	SALESMAN	7698	28-SEP-81	1250	1400	30
7698	BLAKE	MANAGER	7839	01-MAY-81	2850	-	30
7782	CLARK	MANAGER	7839	09-JUN-81	2450	-	10
7788	SCOTT	ANALYST	7566	19-APR-87	3000	-	20
7839	KING	PRESIDENT	-	17-NOV-81	5000	-	10
7844	TURNER	SALESMAN	7698	08-SEP-81	1500	0	30
7876	ADAMS	CLERK	7788	23-MAY-87	1100	-	20
7900	JAMES	CLERK	7698	03-DEC-81	950	-	30
7902	FORD	ANALYST	7566	03-DEC-81	3000	-	20
7934	MILLER	CLERK	7782	23-JAN-82	1300	-	10

DEPT TABLE

DEPTNO	DNAME	LOC
10	ACCOUNTING	NEW YORK
20	RESEARCH	DALLAS
30	SALES	CHICAGO
40	OPERATIONS	BOSTON

SALGRADE TABLE

GRADE	LOSAL	HISAL
1	700	1200
2	1201	1400
3	1401	2000
4	2001	3000
5	3001	9999

QURIES

EQUI JOIN AND NON EQUI JOIN

EQUI JOIN :

EQUI JOIN creates a JOIN for equality or matching column(s) values of the relative tables. EQUI JOIN also create JOIN by using JOIN with ON and then providing the names of the columns with their relative tables to check equality using equal sign (=).

NON EQUI JOIN :

NON EQUI JOIN performs a JOIN using comparison operator other than equal(=) sign like >, <, >=, <= with conditions.

Quries

• Display all the managers & clerks name, id along with their department details who work in Accounts and Marketing departments.

  select * from emp, dept where emp.deptno = dept.deptno and dname in ('ACCOUNTING', 'MARKETING') and job in ('MANAGER', 'CLERK')
  

• Display all the salesmen’s name,job,dname and loc who are not located at DALLAS.

   select emp.ename, emp.job, dept.dname, dept.loc from emp, dept where dept.loc != 'DALLAS' and emp.job='SALESMAN' and emp.deptno = dept.deptno
  

• Select department name & location of all the employees working for CLARK.

  select dept.dname, dept.loc, emp.* from dept, emp where dept.deptno = emp.deptno and emp.mgr = (select empno from emp where ename = 'CLARK')
  

• Select all the departmental information for all the managers.(Manager is not a job)

  select dept.* from dept, emp where emp.deptno = dept.deptno and emp.empno in (select mgr from emp)
  

• Select all the employees who work in DALLAS.

  select emp.*, dept.* from dept, emp where dept.loc = 'DALLAS' and emp.deptno = dept.deptno
  

• Find the highest paid employee of sales department. (Show his empno,ename,dname,sal,loc).

  select emp.empno, emp.ename, dept.dname, dept.loc, emp.sal from dept, emp where emp.SAL = (select max(SAL) from emp, dept where emp.deptno = dept.deptno and dept.dname = 'SALES') and emp.deptno = dept.deptno
  

• List the emps with departmental information Whose Jobs are same as MILLER or Sal is more than ALLEN.

  select emp.*, dept.* from emp, dept where emp.deptno = dept.deptno and (sal > (select sal from emp where ename='ALLEN') or job = (select job from emp where ename = 'MILLER'))
  

• Find out the employees who are working in CHICAGO and DALLAS.

  select * from emp where deptno in ( select deptno from dept where loc in ('CHICAGO', 'DALLAS'))
  

• List all the Grade2 and Grade 3 emps.

  select * from emp where sal in (select sal from salgrade, emp where salgrade.grade in (2,3) and emp.sal between salgrade.losal and salgrade.hisal)
  

• Display all Grade 4,5 Analyst and Manager.

  select * from emp where sal in (select sal from salgrade, emp where salgrade.grade in (4,5) and emp.sal between salgrade.losal and salgrade.hisal) and JOB in ('ANALYST', 'MANAGER')
  

• List all the Grade2 and Grade 3 emps who belong from the Chicago.

  select * from emp where sal in (select sal from salgrade, emp where salgrade.grade in (2,3) and emp.sal between salgrade.losal and salgrade.hisal) and deptno = (select deptno from dept where loc='CHICAGO')
  

• Find the highest paid employee of sales department. (Show his empno,ename,dname,sal,loc).

  select empno, ename, dname, sal, loc from emp, dept where emp.deptno = dept.deptno and sal = (select max(sal) from emp, dept where emp.deptno = dept.deptno and dept.deptno =  (select deptno from dept where dname = 'SALES'))
  

• Find out the mgr who lives in DALLAS and belong from grade 3 and 4.

  select * from emp where deptno in (select deptno from dept where loc='DALLAS') and EMPNO in ( select MGR from emp where sal in (select sal from salgrade, emp where salgrade.grade in (3,4) and emp.sal between salgrade.losal and salgrade.hisal))
  

• Find out the grade of all mgrs.

  select emp.*, grade from emp, salgrade where emp.sal between losal and hisal and empno in (select mgr from emp)
  

• List the employee Name, Job, Annual Salary, deptno, Dept name and grade who earn 36000 a year or who are not CLERKS.

  select ename, job, sal*12 as anualSalary, dept.deptno, dname, grade from emp, dept, salgrade where emp.deptno = dept.deptno and sal between losal and hisal and (sal*12 > 36000 or job != 'CLERK')
  

SELF JOIN

The SELF JOIN in SQL, as its name implies, is used to join a table to itself. This means that each row in a table is joined to itself and every other row in that table. However, referencing the same table more than once within a single query will result in an error. To avoid this, SQL SELF JOIN aliases are used.

Quries

• Show all the ename along with their mgr name

select e.ename, m.ename as mgr from emp e, emp m where e.mgr = m.empno

• List the emp who earns more then BLAKE

select a.ename, a.sal from emp a, emp b where b.ename = 'BLAKE' and b.sal < a.sal

• Show the emp who joined before their mgr

select a.ename, a.hiredate from emp a, emp b where a.mgr = b.empno and a.hiredate < b.hiredate

• Show ename and which mgr manages who many employee

select b.ename, count(b.ename) as totalemp from emp a, emp b where a.mgr = b.empno group by b.ename

select b.ename, count(*) as totalemp from emp a, emp b where a.mgr = b.empno group by b.ename

• Show the name of mgr who manages most emp

select b.ename, count(*) from emp a, emp b where a.mgr = b.empno group by b.ename having count(*) = (select max(count(*)) from emp a, emp b where a.mgr = b.empno group by b.ename)

SUB QUERY

A subquery is a SQL query nested inside a larger query.

Quries

• Show the details of the min salary holder of the employee table.

  select * from EMP where SAL = (select MIN(SAL) from EMP)
  

• Find the details of the most senior employee.

  select * from EMP where HIREDATE = (select min(HIREDATE) from EMP)
  

• Select all the employees who are earning same as BLAKE.

  select * from EMP where SAL = (Select SAL from EMP where ENAME = 'BLAKE')
  

• Display all the employees who have joined after FORD

  select * from EMP where HIREDATE>(select HIREDATE from EMP where ENAME='FORD')
  

• List all the employees who are earning more than SMITH and less then KING.

  select * from EMP where SAL > (select SAL from EMP where ENAME='SMITH') and SAL < (select SAL from EMP where ENAME = 'KING')
  

• Find the employees who work in the same department with BLAKE

  select * from EMP where DEPTNO = (select DEPTNO from EMP where ENAME='BLAKE')
  

• Display all the salesmen who are not located at DALLAS.

  select * from EMP where JOB='SALESMAN' and DEPTNO != (select DEPTNO from DEPT where LOC ='DALLAS')
  

• Select department name & location of all the employees working for CLARK.

  select DNAME, LOC from DEPT where DEPTNO = (select DEPTNO from EMP where MGR=(select EMPNO from EMP where ENAME = 'CLARK'))
  

• Select all the departmental information for all the managers.

  select * from DEPT where DEPTNO in (select DEPTNO from EMP where JOB = 'MANAGER')
  

• Display all the managers & clerks who work in Accounts and Marketing departments.

  select * from EMP where JOB in ('MANAGER', 'CLERK') and DEPTNO = (select DEPTNO from DEPT where DNAME in ('ACCOUNTING', 'MARKETING'))
  

• Select all the employees who work in DALLAS.

  select * from EMP where DEPTNO = (select DEPTNO from DEPT where LOC = 'DALLAS')
  

• List the highest paid emp of Chicago joined before the most recently hired emp of grade2

  select * from emp where sal = (select max(sal) from emp, dept where emp.deptno = dept.deptno and dept.deptno = (select deptno from dept, salgrade where loc='CHICAGO' and sal between losal and hisal and grade = 2) and hiredate = (select min(hiredate) from emp where hiredate > (select min(hiredate) from emp)))
  

• Delete the maximum salary holders from the sales department.

DELETE FROM emp WHERE sal = (select max(sal) from emp, dept where emp.deptno = dept.deptno and dept.deptno = (select deptno from dept where dname = 'SALES'))

• Update the loc of all emplyees to Washington from Chicago.

UPDATE DEPT SET loc = 'Washington' WHERE loc = 'CHICAGO'

GROUP BY

The GROUP BY statement groups rows that have the same values into summary rows. This statement is often used with aggregate functions (COUNT(), MAX(), MIN(), SUM(), AVG()) to group the result-set by one or more columns.

Quries

• Find out the grade with the maximum No of employees.

  select grade, count(*) from emp, salgrade where sal between losal and hisal group by grade having count(*)  = (select max(count(*)) from emp, salgrade where sal between losal and hisal group by grade)
  

• List out the Name, Job, Salary,grade of the emps in the department with the highest average salary

  select ename, job, sal, grade from emp, salgrade where sal between losal and hisal and deptno = (select deptno from emp group by deptno having avg(sal) = (select max(avg(sal)) from emp group by deptno))
  

• Write a query to display the department name, location name and number of employees and their rounded average salary for all employees as department name wise and location wise.

  select dname, loc, count(*), round(avg(sal)) from emp, dept where emp.deptno = dept.deptno group by dname,loc
  

• Find out the location with maximum no of average salary.

  select loc from dept where deptno = (select deptno from emp group by deptno having avg(sal) = (select max(avg(sal)) from emp group by deptno))
  

• List the Name,job,sal,dname and grade of the loc where highest no.of emps are working.

  select ename, job,sal, dname, grade from emp,dept,salgrade where emp.deptno = dept.deptno and sal between losal and hisal and loc = (select loc from dept, emp where emp.deptno = dept.deptno group by loc having count(*) = (select max(count(*)) from emp,dept where emp.deptno = dept.deptno group by loc))
  

• Find out the employee details of the grade which has the maximum number of the employees who belong from the sales department.

  select emp.* from emp, salgrade where sal between losal and hisal and grade = (select grade from emp, salgrade where sal between losal and hisal group by grade having count(*)  = (select max(count(*)) from emp, salgrade where sal between losal and hisal group by grade)) and deptno = (select deptno from dept where dname='SALES')
  

• List the highest paid emp of Chicago joined before the most recently hired emp of grade2

  select emp.* from emp, dept where emp.deptno = dept.deptno and sal = (select max(sal) from emp, dept where emp.deptno = dept.deptno and loc='CHICAGO' and hiredate < (select max(hiredate) from emp,salgrade where sal between losal and hisal and grade = 2))
  

• Increment the salary of the emplyees to 7% who belong from grade 2.

  update emp set sal=(sal+(sal*0.07)) where sal in (select sal from emp, salgrade where sal between losal and hisal and grade = 2)
  

• Delete the most senior employee.

  delete from emp where hiredate = (select min(hiredate) from emp)
  

PL/SQL

PL/SQL stands for “Procedural Language extensions to the Structured Query Language”. SQL is a popular language for both querying and updating data in the relational database management systems (RDBMS). PL/SQL adds many procedural constructs to SQL language to overcome some limitations of SQL. Besides, PL/SQL provides a more comprehensive programming language solution for building mission-critical applications on Oracle Databases.

Related Problems

• Print a message using variable

DECLARE
message varchar2(50);
begin
message := 'Hello world';
dbms_output.put_line(message);
end;

• Write a PL/SQL code block to calculate the area of the circle for a value of radius of 8.

area Number;
perimeter Number;

redius number := 8;

pi constant number := 3.14;

Begin
area := pi*redius*redius;
dbms_output.Put_line('Area =' || area);

end;

LOOP

1. Basic Loop (will execute once like do-while loop)
2. While Loop
3. For Loop

Catagories

• Basic Loop

Declare
a number(3) := 0;
Begin
   loop
    dbms_output.put_line(a);
    a:=(a+1);
    Exit when a>5;
   end loop;
end;

• While Loop

Declare
a number(3) := 0;
begin
   while a<5
   loop
     dbms_output.put_line(a);
     a := a+1;
   end loop;
end;

• For Loop

Declare
i number(3);
Begin
   for i in 1..10 loop
    dbms_output.put_line(i);
   end loop;
end;

Related Problems

• Program to print first 100 odd numbers in descending order.

Declare
a number(3) := 99;
begin
   while a>0
   loop
     dbms_output.put_line(a);
     a := a-2;
   end loop;
end;

• Program to print factorial series till the nth number.

Declare
a number(3) := 1;
n number(3) := 5;

begin
 while n > 0 loop
  a := n*a;
  n := n-1;
  end loop;

dbms_output.put_line(a);
end;

• Program to find out the given number is prime or not.

declare
n number(3) := 11;
a number(3) := 2;
temp number(3) := 1;

begin
    for a in 2..n/2 loop
      if mod(n,a) = 0
        then
        temp := 0;
        exit;
      end if;
    end loop;

if temp = 1
  then
    dbms_output.put_line('Prime');
  else
    dbms_output.put_line('Not Prime');
  end if;
end;

• Program to print febonacci series till the nth number.

Declare
first number(3) := 0;
second number(3) := 1;
temp number(3);

n number(3) := 10;
i number(3);

begin
dbms_output.put_line(first);
dbms_output.put_line(second);

for i in 2..n
  loop
    temp := (first + second);
    first := second;
    second := temp;

    dbms_output.put_line(temp);
  end loop;
end;

PROCEDURE

A stored procedure is a prepared SQL code that you can save, so the code can be reused over and over again. A database object like table, view or sequence. Can be parameterized or non-perameterized. Don't return direct value One procedure can be called inside another procedure.

Catagories and Examples

• Procedure

creation (Without parameter)

create procedure
create or replace procedure procedure1
is
begin
dbms_output.put_line('Plsql Procedure');
end;

execution

execute
begin
procedure1;
end;

• Parametarized procedure

Types of parameters

1. IN (By default)
2. OUT
3. INOUT

creation (IN parameter)

create or replace procedure test(a number)
is
begin
dbms_output.put_line('Value of a is: ' || a);
end;

execution

declare
x number := 7;
begin
test(x);
end;

creation (INOUT parameter)

create or replace procedure test1(INOUT a number(3))
is
begin
a := a + a;
end;

execution

declare
x number := 7;
begin
dbms_output.put_line('Value of x is: ' || x);
test1(x);
dbms_output.put_line('Value of x is: ' || x);
end;

Procedure with Database

• Create a procedure which will take department number as an input and show the department name,loc and no. of employees working on it.

creation

create or replace procedure dept_details(depno in dept.deptno%type, depname out dept.dname%type, dloc out dept.loc%type, totalemp out number)
is
begin
select dname into depname from dept where deptno = depno;
select loc into dloc from dept where deptno = depno;
select count(*) into totalemp from emp where deptno= depno group by deptno;
end;

execution

declare
depno dept.deptno%type := :Dept_Number;
depname dept.dname%type;
dloc dept.loc%type;
totalemp number;
begin
dept_details(depno, depname, dloc, totalemp);
dbms_output.put_line('Department NO: ' || depno);
dbms_output.put_line('Department Name: ' || depname);
dbms_output.put_line('Department Location: ' || dloc);
dbms_output.put_line('Department total employee: ' || totalemp);
end;

• Create procedure which gets the name of all the employees and find out every one's job and bind it to an out parameter. (Use cursor for loop)

creation

create or replace procedure emp_job(empname in emp.ename%type, empjob out emp.job%type)
is
begin
select job into empjob from emp where ename = empname;
end;

execution

declare
cursor c1
is
select ename from emp;
empjob emp.job%type;

begin
for i in c1 loop
emp_job(i.ename, empjob);
dbms_output.put_line('Employee Name: ' || i.ename || ' Job: ' || empjob);
end loop;
end;

• Create a procedure which will receive all the deptno one by one each time when the procedure will be called and find out total salary of the employees belong from that department and bind it to an out parameter. (Use cursor for loop)

creation

create or replace procedure dept_details1(depno in dept.deptno%type, salary out number)
is
begin
select sum(sal) into salary from emp where deptno = depno;
end;

execution

declare
cursor c1
is
select deptno from dept;
salary number;

begin
for i in c1 loop
dept_details1(i.deptno, salary);
dbms_output.put_line('Department No: ' || i.deptno || ' Salary: ' || salary);
end loop;
end;

• Create a procedure NEW_EMP to insert a new employee in the EMP table. The procedure should contain a call to the function VALID_DEPTNO to check whether the department number specified for the new employee exists in the DEPT table.

Function

A function is a set of SQL statements that perform a specific task. A database object like table, view or sequence. Return's direct value A function can be called inside a procedure but procedures cann't called inside a function. Used for validation. Function supports bool.

Function with Database

• Show the salary of employee from employee no.

creattion

create or replace function emp_sal(eno emp.empno%type)
return emp.sal%type
is
esal emp.sal%type;
begin
select sal into esal from emp where empno = eno;
return esal;
end;

execution

declare
e_sal emp.sal%type;
e_no emp.empno%type := :EMPLOYEE_NO;
begin
e_sal := emp_sal(e_no);
dbms_output.put_line('Salary: '|| e_sal);
end;

Cursor For Loop

More about cursor for loop

Tables

• Sales table

create table sales (customer_ID number(2), product_ID number(3), quantity number(3));

insert into sales values(10, 1, 100);
insert into sales values(20, 5, 70);
insert into sales values(30, 2, 150);
insert into sales values(40, 4, 50);
insert into sales values(50, 3, 10);

• Product table

create table products(product_ID number(3), price number(3));
insert into products values(1, 20);
insert into products values(2, 10);
insert into products values(3, 15);
insert into products values(4, 22);
insert into products values(5, 25);

Object Browser

• Sales Table

Column Name	Data Type	Nullable	Default	Primary Key
CUSTOMER_ID	NUMBER(2,0)	Yes	-	-
PRODUCT_ID	NUMBER(3,0)	Yes	-	-
QUANTITY	NUMBER(3,0)	Yes	-	-

• Product Table

Column Name	Data Type	Nullable	Default	Primary Key
PRODUCT_ID	NUMBER(3,0)	Yes	-	-
PRICE	NUMBER(3,0)	Yes	-	-

Table

• Sales Table

CUSTOMER_ID	PRODUCT_ID	QUANTITY
10	1	100
20	5	70
30	2	150
40	4	50
50	3	10

• Product Table

PRODUCT_ID	PRICE
1	20
2	10
3	15
4	22
5	25

Quries

• Create a program which will update all employee’s salary. The increment will take place based on the experience.

5000 = 5% 4001 to 5000 = 7% 3001 to 4000 = 10% =<3000 = 12%

DECLARE
 CURSOR C1
 is
 SELECT EMPNO, SAL FROM EMP WHERE DEPTNO=10;
 i NUMBER(3);
 eno emp.empno%type;
 esal emp.sal%type;

Begin
 for i in C1 loop
 eno := i.empno;
 esal := i.sal;

  IF (esal > 5000) THEN
      esal := (esal+(esal*0.05));

   ELSIF esal > 4001 and esal <= 5000 THEN
      esal := (esal+(esal*0.07));

   ELSIF esal > 3001 and esal <= 4000 THEN
      esal := (esal+(esal*0.1));

   ELSIF (esal <= 3000) THEN
      esal := (esal+(esal*0.12));

   END IF;

   dbms_output.put_line('Empno: ' || eno || ' SALARY: ' || esal);


end loop;

end;

• Write a PLSQL program to take the customer_ID as an input. Display the list of unique product_IDs that customer purchased from the sales table.

declare
cursor c1 is
select product_ID, quantity, customer_id from sales;
i number(3);
cid number(3);
qun number(3);
pid number(3);
x number(3);
begin
x := :Customer_id;
for i in c1 loop
cid := i.customer_ID;
pid := i.product_ID;
qun := i.quantity;
if cid = x then
    dbms_output.put_line('Product ID: ' || pid || ' Total order value: ' || qun);
end if;
end loop;
end;

• Write a PLSQL program to take the customer_ID as an input. Display the total amount of that customer purchases.

• Using cursors write a PLSQL program to print out on screen the product_ID and price for each product within the products table (ascending by product_ID).

declare
cursor c1 is
select product_ID, price from products ORDER BY product_ID ASC;
i number(3);
pid number(3);
pri number(3);
begin
for i in c1 loop
pid := i.product_ID;
pri := i.price;
dbms_output.put_line('Product ID: ' || pid || ' Price: ' || pri);
end loop;
end;

• Write a PLSQL program to display the total list of customer_IDs and the total order value for each customer (descending by customer_ID).

declare
cursor c1 is
select customer_ID, quantity from sales ORDER BY customer_ID DESC;
i number(3);
cid number(3);
qun number(3);
begin
for i in c1 loop
cid := i.customer_ID;
qun := i.quantity;
dbms_output.put_line('Customer ID: ' || cid || ' Total order value: ' || qun);
end loop;
end;

• All the customers wishes to increase their order quantity from current order to updated order. Enable the user to take input for the updated quantity. Update the sales table to reflect this change. Print out on screen from the main section of code the total quantity for customer 4 before and after the update.( Use cursor for loop)

A simple Bakery Management System with PHP and ORACLE 10g Express Edition Repository