kavca / dementia-akm-models

Repository for Models for the Dementia treatment project

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Kavca Dementia Models

Click on the links below to open the models in AKM Modeller:

• Dementia-Treatment_PR.json

• Dementia Treatment Concepts

Introduction

Why (Reasons for Treating Dementia)

• To Improve Quality of Life:
  • Sub-goal: Enhancing daily functioning and independence.
  • Outcomes: Increased ability to perform daily tasks, improved mood, and better overall well-being.
• To Manage Symptoms:
  • Cognitive Decline: Slowing the progression of memory loss and confusion.
  • Behavioral Changes: Managing agitation, aggression, and sleep disturbances.
  • Outcomes: Stabilization or reduction in the severity of symptoms, resulting in a more manageable daily life.
• To Support Caregivers:
  • Sub-goal: Providing them with strategies and resources for effective care.
  • Outcomes: Reduced caregiver stress, improved knowledge and skills in dementia care, and better caregiver-patient relationships.
• For Early Intervention:
  • Sub-goal: Slowing down the progression of the disease.
  • Outcomes: Delayed onset of severe symptoms, prolonged independence, and potentially reduced healthcare costs.
• To Enhance Communication:
  • Sub-goal: Improving patient's ability to communicate needs and emotions.
  • Outcomes: Better understanding between patients and caregivers, reduced frustration, and improved care quality.
• To Ensure Safety:
  • Sub-goal: Preventing injuries and accidents in patients with dementia.
  • Outcomes: Reduction in emergency incidents, safer living environments, and peace of mind for families and caregivers.
• To Facilitate Social Engagement:
  • Sub-goal: Encouraging interactions with others to combat isolation.
  • Outcomes: Improved social connections, maintenance of relationships, and enhanced mental health.
• To Promote Holistic Health:
  • Sub-goal: Addressing physical, mental, and emotional health needs.
  • Outcomes: Comprehensive care leading to improved overall health and potentially slowing disease progression.
• To Prepare for Future Needs:
  • Sub-goal: Planning for the progression of the disease.
  • Outcomes: Better preparedness for future challenges, financial planning, and peace of mind for patients and families.

Who (Involved in Dementia Treatment)

• Healthcare Professionals: Neurologists, psychiatrists, geriatricians, nurses.
• Patients: Individuals diagnosed with dementia.
• Caregivers: Family members, friends, professional caregivers.
• Therapists: Occupational therapists, speech therapists, physical therapists.
• Support Groups: Community resources for patients and caregivers.

What (Aspects of Dementia Treatment)

• Medications: Cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine, antidepressants.
• Therapies: Cognitive stimulation therapy, music therapy, art therapy.
• Lifestyle Changes: Diet, exercise, mental stimulation, social engagement.
• Safety Measures: Home modifications, emergency response systems.
• Legal and Financial Planning: Advance directives, estate planning.

How (Approaches to Dementia Treatment)

• Personalized Care Plans: Tailored to individual patient needs and stages of dementia.
• Multidisciplinary Approach: Collaboration between various healthcare professionals.
• Caregiver Education and Support: Training sessions, respite care, counseling.
• Use of Technology: Memory aids, GPS tracking for wandering, telemedicine.
• Community Resources: Support groups, adult day care centers, educational workshops.

Where (Settings for Dementia Treatment)

• Hospitals and Clinics: For diagnosis, treatment, and regular check-ups.
• Residential Care Facilities: Nursing homes, assisted living facilities.
• Home Setting: Home care services, safety modifications.
• Community Centers: Day care centers, support groups, educational programs.
• Online Platforms: Telemedicine services, online support groups, informational resources.

When (Timing for Dementia Treatment)

• Early Stage: Focus on diagnosis, lifestyle changes, and planning.
• Moderate Stage: Increased care needs, medication management, and support services.
• Advanced Stage: Intensive care, managing complex symptoms, end-of-life care.
• Ongoing: Regular assessments, adapting treatment plans, caregiver support.
• Preventive Measures: Early lifestyle changes, risk assessment, and regular check-ups for those at risk.

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Project Methodology

Desing Thinking

The Design Thinking process is a user-centric approach to problem-solving that typically involves five phases. It's widely used in various fields, including software development, product design, and business innovation.

Here's an overview of each phase:

• Empathize: This initial stage involves understanding the users' needs, experiences, and motivations. It often includes observing and engaging with users to gain insights into their behaviors and attitudes. This phase is crucial for establishing empathy with the users, which is a key aspect of Design Thinking.

• Define: In this phase, the insights gathered during the Empathize stage are synthesized into a clear problem statement. This is where you define the core problem you are trying to solve, often in the form of a user-centered problem statement. It sets a clear direction for the project.

• Ideate: Once the problem is defined, the Ideate phase involves generating a wide range of creative ideas to address the problem. This is often done through brainstorming sessions and other ideation techniques. The goal is to explore a broad solution space and think outside the box.

• Prototype: The ideas generated during the Ideate phase are turned into tangible prototypes. These prototypes can range from simple paper models to more sophisticated digital or physical creations. The purpose of this phase is to create a physical or digital representation of the solutions to explore their potential.

• Test: In the final phase, the prototypes are tested with real users. This involves observing how users interact with the prototype and gathering feedback. The testing phase is crucial for understanding the viability of the proposed solutions and for making iterative improvements based on user feedback.

Throughout the Design Thinking process, iteration is key. Based on feedback and insights gained, teams often cycle back to earlier stages to refine their understanding of the problem or to explore new solution ideas. This iterative approach ensures that the final solution is deeply aligned with user needs and has gone through rigorous refinement and testing.

Lean Startup

Build the right Thing!

This is where we build Typedefinition_TD models based on the suggestions in the Concept model in previous step.

Lean Startup (Generated by ChatGPT)

Lean Startup process emphasizes the importance of flexibility, quick iterations, and customer feedback in the development of products or services. The process consists of several key components:

• Build-Measure-Learn Loop: This is the fundamental cycle at the heart of the Lean Startup method. The idea is to turn ideas into products (Build), measure how customers respond (Measure), and then learn whether to pivot or persevere (Learn). This cycle helps startups to quickly test their hypotheses and make adjustments based on real-world feedback.

• Minimum Viable Product (MVP): An MVP is a version of a new product that allows a team to collect the maximum amount of validated learning about customers with the least effort. It's not necessarily the smallest or simplest version of the product, but the one that enables a full turn of the Build-Measure-Learn loop with a minimum amount of effort and time.

• Validated Learning: This concept emphasizes the importance of learning about what customers actually want and will pay for, rather than what you assume they will want. This is achieved by testing a series of MVPs, each designed to test specific hypotheses about the product and the business model.

• Pivot or Persevere: Based on the feedback and data gathered from the MVPs, startups decide whether to pivot (make a fundamental change to the product) or persevere (continue with the current strategy). Pivoting is not seen as a failure but as a necessary part of finding the right product-market fit.

• Continuous Deployment and Innovation Accounting: Lean Startup encourages rapid and continuous deployment of products to accelerate learning and innovation. Alongside this, innovation accounting is used to track progress, set up milestones, and prioritize work. This helps startups to make more informed decisions about when to pivot and when to persevere.

Overall, the Lean Startup methodology is about being more adaptive, customer-focused, and iterative in developing products and services. It's particularly well-suited to the uncertain and fast-changing environments that startups often operate in.

Agile development

Build the Thing Right!

Here is where we build the Solution model and generate/configure Solutions (GraphQL/Database schemas etc.)

Agile development (Generated by ChatGPT)

Agile development is a methodology that prioritizes flexibility, collaboration, customer feedback, and rapid iteration in the development of software products. Originating from the Agile Manifesto, it contrasts with traditional waterfall methods by being more adaptive and responsive to changes.

Here’s an overview of its key components:

• Iterative Development: Agile development is characterized by short, iterative cycles called sprints, typically lasting from one to four weeks. Each sprint aims to produce a working increment of the product, allowing for frequent reassessment and adaptation of plans.

• Collaboration and Cross-Functional Teams: Agile emphasizes close collaboration between cross-functional teams, which often include developers, designers, and business stakeholders. Daily stand-up meetings (or scrums) are common, where team members discuss progress, plans, and obstacles.

• Customer Involvement and Feedback: Agile methods strongly advocate for regular customer involvement and feedback. This can take the form of user stories to define requirements, reviews at the end of each sprint, and frequent releases to gather real-world user feedback.

• Adaptive Planning: Agile teams plan iteratively and adaptively. While there's an overarching vision or roadmap, detailed planning is only done for the current and next sprint. This flexibility allows teams to respond to changes and new information quickly.

• Continuous Improvement: Regular retrospectives are a key part of Agile. After each sprint, the team reflects on what went well and what could be improved. This continual reassessment aims to enhance efficiency and effectiveness over time.

• Working Software as a Primary Measure of Progress: In Agile, the primary measure of progress is the delivery of working software. The focus is on creating software that is functional and adds value to the customer, rather than strictly adhering to a predefined plan.

• Sustainable Development: Agile promotes sustainable development practices. The goal is to maintain a consistent pace and avoid burnout, ensuring that the team can continue to deliver high-quality work indefinitely.

Agile methodologies include various frameworks like Scrum, Kanban, and Extreme Programming (XP), each with its own specific practices and tools but sharing the core principles of the Agile Manifesto. Agile is widely adopted in the software development industry due to its flexibility, efficiency, and focus on delivering tangible, customer-centric results.

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dementia-akm-models's Issues

Links to articles about Dementia

Human Dementia Story 2023.

Human Dementia Story 2023.docx

Input from the meeting 2023.02.02

From the chat:

@Armando:

https://www.dementia.org.au/information/about-dementia/types-of-dementia

From WebMD https://www.webmd.com/alzheimers/guide/alzheimers-dementia

New Liquid Margins: The rise of ChatGPT and how to work with and around it (free webinar).

https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#inbox/WhctKKXpTfKMWVGwJtKGHHbHWPhsbpnCWsRxRxDlcvQPDtCXLnhhNlbvXWNQnBvSKwcBDDG

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@JorgenFagerquist

https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/alzheimers-disease-and-healthy-aging-data

new issue

Current model Screenshots

Screenshots from the model

First draft of Dementia Patient Treatment Model

• Define Roles
• Define Tasks
• Define Information objects
• [ ]

New Concept model for Dementia

Propose a new Concept model for Dementia treatment with Why, Who, How, What and (When)

Creating the Right Environment for those with Dementia (from Armando)

Dementia: Creating the Right Environment for those with Dementia (Armando)

Environments for those with dementia become very important for the overall well-being
and success of each day. To create a secure and comfortable environment, follow
these four straightforward rules.

1. Simple is always better. One central gathering area for meals, activities, and
   exercise is much better than three separate rooms in various locations for each
   event.

2. Provide visual cues that are large, colorful and familiar. Caring communities
   use large, colorful murals that relate to the framed art work down each corridor or
   hallway to help guide residents. You can too, by color coordinating rooms with
   graphics.

3. Create a safe and secure environment with freedom to move. We all need
   room to roam. Create a safe zone indoors and outdoors for roaming by locking
   the perimeter gates, but still allowing the doors to the yard to remain open or
   unlocked. Prepare a protected environment for meandering safely by clearing
   unnecessary clutter from walking paths to bathrooms, through hallways and
   leading to outside patios.

4. Be consistent and predictable. Routine and consistency with meals, baths,
   and bed time breed familiarity. Activity, appointments and “programming” should
   be planned and carried out from morning to night in 30 to 60-minute increments
   every day. Exercise and therapy, physical, occupational and emotional, all, as
   much as possible should be led in the same location, meals at the same table
   and other activities in the same location in the house or facility.

Update AKM Dementia Model with the Analyse/Interpret/Planning Model generic types

AKM and ChatGPT

The integration of active knowledge models and AI can play a significant role in creating and transforming universities for the future. Here's how this integration can be utilized:

1. Personalized Learning: Active knowledge models, which are dynamic representations of knowledge, can be combined with AI algorithms to create personalized learning experiences. AI can analyze students' learning patterns, preferences, and progress to provide tailored recommendations, adaptive feedback, and customized learning pathways. This integration enables universities to cater to individual students' needs, maximizing their learning outcomes.

2. Intelligent Content Creation: AI can assist in the creation of educational content by leveraging active knowledge models. With the help of natural language processing and machine learning techniques, AI systems can generate educational materials, such as textbooks, tutorials, and interactive simulations. These AI-generated resources can be continually updated and refined based on real-time feedback and emerging knowledge trends.

3. Collaborative Knowledge Construction: Active knowledge models can facilitate collaborative knowledge construction among students, faculty, and researchers. AI can support group discussions, knowledge sharing platforms, and virtual collaboration spaces by analyzing and organizing contributions, extracting valuable insights, and identifying knowledge gaps. This integration promotes collaborative learning, interdisciplinary research, and the co-creation of knowledge.

4. AI-Powered Research and Innovation: Active knowledge models combined with AI can revolutionize research and innovation within universities. AI algorithms can analyze vast amounts of research data, identify patterns, and generate new hypotheses. By leveraging active knowledge models, AI systems can support researchers in exploring interdisciplinary connections, discovering novel insights, and accelerating the pace of discovery.

5. Smart Campus Management: AI and active knowledge models can optimize campus management by integrating data from various sources, such as student records, scheduling systems, and facility management. AI algorithms can analyze this data to identify patterns, forecast resource requirements, and optimize resource allocation. This integration can enhance operational efficiency, reduce costs, and improve the overall campus experience.

6. Continuous Learning and Professional Development: Active knowledge models can support lifelong learning and professional development initiatives. AI-powered systems can provide personalized recommendations for skill development, suggest relevant courses, and deliver targeted learning materials. By leveraging active knowledge models, universities can empower individuals to stay current with evolving knowledge and develop the skills needed for the future workforce.

7. Knowledge-Based Decision Making: Active knowledge models can serve as a foundation for AI-powered decision support systems. These systems can analyze data, trends, and expert knowledge to inform decision making in various university domains, including admissions, curriculum design, resource allocation, and strategic planning. By combining active knowledge models and AI, universities can make informed, data-driven decisions that align with their mission and goals.

It is important for universities to invest in the development and integration of active knowledge models and AI, while also ensuring ethical considerations, data privacy, and the transparency of AI algorithms. With careful implementation, this integration can transform universities into dynamic, knowledge-centric ecosystems that empower learners, foster collaboration, and drive innovation.

Existing models Jan 2023

Summary of existing models so far:

Dementia-Treatment-Project.json (current version)

Dementia-Treatment-Project-v3.json

Study Dementia v.2.json

Create a planning modelview for dementia treatment

Asked ChatDPT-4:

Question:

Which roles, tasks and information is used when planning treatment and care of dementia patients?

Answer:

When planning treatment and care for dementia patients, healthcare professionals consider various roles, tasks, and information to ensure the best possible outcomes. These include:

Roles:

a. Physicians: Diagnose dementia, prescribe medications, and manage medical conditions.
b. Nurses: Monitor vital signs, administer medications, and provide daily care.
c. Occupational therapists: Help patients maintain independence in daily activities.
d. Physical therapists: Assist with mobility and exercise to maintain strength and balance.
e. Speech therapists: Address communication and swallowing difficulties.
f. Social workers: Provide support for patients and families, including counseling and assistance with accessing resources.
g. Psychologists: Assess cognitive function and provide therapy for emotional and behavioral issues.
h. Caregivers: Assist with daily activities, provide companionship, and ensure a safe environment.

Tasks:

a. Assessing cognitive, physical, and emotional functioning.
b. Developing a personalized care plan based on the patient's needs and preferences.
c. Monitoring the patient's progress and adjusting the care plan as needed.
d. Coordinating care among various healthcare professionals.
e. Educating patients and families about dementia and available resources.
f. Providing emotional support and counseling.
g. Ensuring a safe and comfortable living environment.
h. Managing medications and medical appointments.
i. Encouraging social engagement and mental stimulation.

Information:

a. Patient's medical history, including any pre-existing conditions and medications.
b. Results of cognitive assessments and neuropsychological tests.
c. Information about the patient's daily routines, preferences, and support system.
d. Progress notes from healthcare professionals involved in the patient's care.
e. Research on evidence-based interventions and best practices for dementia care.
f. Legal and financial considerations, such as advance directives and insurance coverage.
g. Community resources and support services available to patients and families.

By considering these roles, tasks, and information, healthcare professionals can develop a comprehensive and personalized treatment plan that addresses the unique needs of each dementia patient. This approach helps to optimize the patient's quality of life, maintain their independence for as long as possible, and provide support for their families and caregivers.

EHR attributes

Electronic health record attributes (EHR)

• Patient demographics: This includes the patient's name, date of birth, gender, race, ethnicity, and contact information.

• Medical history: A comprehensive record of the patient's past medical conditions, surgeries, hospitalizations, and treatments.

• Medications: A list of all current and past medications prescribed to the patient, including dosages, frequency, and duration of use.

• Allergies: Information about any known allergies the patient has, including reactions and severity.

• Immunizations: A record of all vaccinations the patient has received, including dates and types of vaccines.

• Laboratory results: Results from any laboratory tests, such as blood tests, urine tests, and imaging studies.

• Vital signs: Measurements of the patient's vital signs, such as blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature.

• Problem list: A list of the patient's current and past medical problems, including diagnoses and dates.

• Clinical notes: Notes from healthcare providers detailing the patient's symptoms, physical examination findings, assessment, and treatment plan.

• Care plans: Documentation of the patient's individualized care plan, including goals, interventions, and progress.

• Social history: Information about the patient's lifestyle, such as smoking status, alcohol use, exercise habits, and occupation.

• Family history: A record of the patient's family medical history, including any genetic predispositions to certain conditions.

• Insurance information: Details about the patient's health insurance coverage, including policy numbers and contact information for the insurance company.

• Advance directives: Documentation of the patient's preferences for end-of-life care, such as living wills and durable power of attorney for healthcare decisions.

• Consent forms: Records of the patient's informed consent for various treatments and procedures.

• Appointment history: A record of the patient's past and upcoming appointments with healthcare providers.

• Billing information: Details about the patient's financial responsibility for services rendered, including copayments, deductibles, and outstanding balances.

• Referrals and authorizations: Documentation of any referrals to specialists or authorizations for specific treatments or procedures.

• Patient communication: Records of any communication between the patient and healthcare providers, such as phone calls, emails, and secure messaging.

• Patient education materials: Information provided to the patient about their condition, treatment options, and self-care strategies.

Create an Overall Modelview for Dementia Treatment

• Create the Main Processes or Phases of Dementia Treatment

The model can be found here:

https://akmmclient-alfa.vercel.app/model?org=kavca&repo=dementia-akm-models&path=models&branch=main&file=Dementia-Treatment-Concepts_PR.json&model=Dementia-Overview-Phases_CM&modelview=0-Overview

Roles used in Dementia research and Treatment ?

List of Roles used in Dementia research and Treatment ?

Question/Prompt to GPT-4:

Make a bulleted list of Roles used in Dementia research and Treatment ?

Answer:

• Neurologists: Diagnose and treat neurological disorders, including dementia, and conduct research on their causes and potential treatments.
• Geriatricians: Specialize in the care of older adults and are often involved in diagnosing and managing dementia in elderly patients.
• Psychiatrists: Assess and treat cognitive, emotional, and behavioral symptoms associated with dementia, and may also be involved in research on mental health aspects of the condition.
• Neuropsychologists: Evaluate cognitive functioning in individuals with dementia, help with differential diagnosis, and contribute to research on cognitive aspects of the disease.
• Occupational therapists: Assist individuals with dementia in maintaining their independence and daily functioning, and may also be involved in research on interventions to improve quality of life.
• Speech and language therapists: Assess and treat communication difficulties in individuals with dementia, and may contribute to research on language and communication in the context of the disease.
• Social workers: Provide support and resources for individuals with dementia and their families, and may be involved in research on the social aspects of the condition.
• Nurses: Provide direct care to individuals with dementia, and may also be involved in research on nursing interventions and care practices.
• Caregivers: Offer daily support and assistance to individuals with dementia, and may participate in research studies as participants or informants.
• Researchers: Conduct studies on the causes, mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of dementia, and may come from various disciplines such as neuroscience, psychology, or epidemiology.
• Pharmacologists: Investigate the effects of medications on dementia symptoms and progression, and may be involved in the development of new drugs for the treatment of the condition.
• Public health professionals: Work on the prevention and management of dementia at the population level, and may be involved in research on risk factors, early detection, and health policy.
• Advocates and policymakers: Raise awareness about dementia, advocate for increased research funding and support services, and may be involved in shaping public policy related to the condition.