Logic in Memory Emulator (LiME) is a hardware/software tool specially designed for memory system evaluation and experiment. Emerging memories display a wide range of bandwidths, latencies, and capacities, making it challenging for the computer architect to navigate the design space of potential memory configurations, and for the application developer to assess performance implications of using such memories. With the LiME framework, architectural ideas can be prototyped in great detail yet with sufficient performance to support realistic evaluation on long running applications. LiME consists of two fundamental components: 1) the hardware and OS infrastructure for the emulator, and 2) a suite of benchmark applications to assist in characterizing the performance of current and future computer architectures. Some of the applications have been collected from other open source projects.
- Logging, replay and analysis of an application's memory behavior
- Evaluate impact of emerging memory technology on application performance
- Emulate complex memory interactions in whole applications orders of magnitude faster than software simulation
- Emulate acceleration hardware co-located with the memory subsystem
- Capture and log external memory accesses to a separate off-chip memory device without affecting application execution
- Memory traces include the address, length, timestamp, and optionally the data for each transaction
- Captured trace data can be saved to an SD card for off-line analysis
- Configure a wide range of memory latencies in sub-nanosecond increments that encompass high-bandwidth and storage class memories
- Specify regions of interest (ROI) in applications to reduce the amount of trace data captured for analysis
- Currently supports execution on Xilinx Zynq SoC which integrates an ARM processor with FPGA logic on a single device
- Applications can be run under Linux or in bare metal mode on the ARM cores
The project consists of hardware and software source code contained within two repositories. One (lime) is more specific to the hardware and operating system infrastructure for the emulator, and the other (lime-apps) contains a suite of benchmark applications. The lime repository also contains a few test programs useful in validating basic features of the emulator.
- Clone or copy the lime and lime-apps repositories to your system
- Type "make help" from the top directory for available build and execution options
Compilation of applications from the lime-apps repository require access to common files from the lime repository. The directory location where lime is installed can be specified through the LIME environment variable.
- A. Jain, S. Lloyd, M. Gokhale, "Microscope on Memory: MPSoC-enabled Computer Memory System Assessments," Proceedings of FCCM, IEEE, 173-180, May 2018. doi:10.1109/FCCM.2018.00035
Building the emulator requires an FPGA development license from Xilinx. http://www.xilinx.com
Some of the applications are dependent on the boost library (bfs, pager). http://www.boost.org
Access to the Internet is needed to clone public repositories when building the Linux kernel and U-Boot.
- Xilinx ZCU102
- Fidus Sidewinder
- Xilinx ZC706 (partial)
Bug fixes, new features, applications, or hardware modules can be submitted as pull requests. All new contributions must be open source and not contain any proprietary code.
LiME is distributed under the terms of the BSD 3-Clause license. See LICENSE and NOTICE for details. SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
LLNL-CODE-811079
For research purposes, LiME 2.x includes a reference implementation of LLNL's patented Near-Memory Data Reorganization Engine (United States Patent 9,965,187). Licensing information is available at http://ipo.llnl.gov/technologies/active_memory_data_reorganization.
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