Aiohttp pydantic is an aiohttp view to easily parse and validate request. You define using the function annotations what your methods for handling HTTP verbs expects and Aiohttp pydantic parses the HTTP request for you, validates the data, and injects that you want as parameters.
Features:
- Query string, request body, URL path and HTTP headers validation.
- Open API Specification generation.
$ pip install aiohttp_pydanticfrom typing import Optional
from aiohttp import web
from aiohttp_pydantic import PydanticView
from pydantic import BaseModel
# Use pydantic BaseModel to validate request body
class ArticleModel(BaseModel):
name: str
nb_page: Optional[int]
# Create your PydanticView and add annotations.
class ArticleView(PydanticView):
async def post(self, article: ArticleModel):
return web.json_response({'name': article.name,
'number_of_page': article.nb_page})
async def get(self, with_comments: bool=False):
return web.json_response({'with_comments': with_comments})
app = web.Application()
app.router.add_view('/article', ArticleView)
web.run_app(app)$ curl -X GET http://127.0.0.1:8080/article?with_comments=a
[
{
"in": "query string",
"loc": [
"with_comments"
],
"msg": "Input should be a valid boolean, unable to interpret input",
"input": "a",
"type": "bool_parsing"
}
]
$ curl -X GET http://127.0.0.1:8080/article?with_comments=yes
{"with_comments": true}
$ curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8080/article --data '{}'
[
{
"in": "body",
"loc": [
"name"
],
"msg": "Field required",
"input": {},
"type": "missing"
},
{
"in": "body",
"loc": [
"nb_page"
],
"msg": "Field required",
"input": {},
"type": "missing"
}
]
$ curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8080/article --data '{"name": "toto", "nb_page": "3"}'
{"name": "toto", "number_of_page": 3}To declare a path parameter, you must declare your argument as a positional-only parameters:
Example:
class AccountView(PydanticView):
async def get(self, customer_id: str, account_id: str, /):
...
app = web.Application()
app.router.add_get('/customers/{customer_id}/accounts/{account_id}', AccountView)To declare a query parameter, you must declare your argument as a simple argument:
class AccountView(PydanticView):
async def get(self, customer_id: Optional[str] = None):
...
app = web.Application()
app.router.add_get('/customers', AccountView)A query string parameter is generally optional and we do not want to force the user to set it in the URL. It's recommended to define a default value. It's possible to get a multiple value for the same parameter using the List type
from typing import List
from pydantic import Field
class AccountView(PydanticView):
async def get(self, tags: List[str] = Field(default_factory=list)):
...
app = web.Application()
app.router.add_get('/customers', AccountView)To declare a body parameter, you must declare your argument as a simple argument annotated with pydantic Model.
class Customer(BaseModel):
first_name: str
last_name: str
class CustomerView(PydanticView):
async def post(self, customer: Customer):
...
app = web.Application()
app.router.add_view('/customers', CustomerView)To declare a HTTP headers parameter, you must declare your argument as a keyword-only argument.
class CustomerView(PydanticView):
async def get(self, *, authorization: str, expire_at: datetime):
...
app = web.Application()
app.router.add_view('/customers', CustomerView)aiohttp_pydantic provides a sub-application to serve a route to generate Open Api Specification reading annotation in your PydanticView. Use aiohttp_pydantic.oas.setup() to add the sub-application
from aiohttp import web
from aiohttp_pydantic import oas
app = web.Application()
oas.setup(app)By default, the route to display the Open Api Specification is /oas but you can change it using url_prefix parameter
oas.setup(app, url_prefix='/spec-api')If you want generate the Open Api Specification from specific aiohttp sub-applications. on the same route, you must use apps_to_expose parameter.
from aiohttp import web
from aiohttp_pydantic import oas
app = web.Application()
sub_app_1 = web.Application()
sub_app_2 = web.Application()
oas.setup(app, apps_to_expose=[sub_app_1, sub_app_2])You can change the title or the version of the generated open api specification using title_spec and version_spec parameters:
oas.setup(app, title_spec="My application", version_spec="1.2.3")The module aiohttp_pydantic.oas.typing provides class to annotate a response content.
For example r200[List[Pet]] means the server responses with the status code 200 and the response content is a List of Pet where Pet will be defined using a pydantic.BaseModel
The docstring of methods will be parsed to fill the descriptions in the Open Api Specification.
from aiohttp_pydantic import PydanticView
from aiohttp_pydantic.oas.typing import r200, r201, r204, r404
class Pet(BaseModel):
id: int
name: str
class Error(BaseModel):
error: str
class PetCollectionView(PydanticView):
async def get(self) -> r200[List[Pet]]:
"""
Find all pets
Tags: pet
"""
pets = self.request.app["model"].list_pets()
return web.json_response([pet.dict() for pet in pets])
async def post(self, pet: Pet) -> r201[Pet]:
"""
Add a new pet to the store
Tags: pet
Status Codes:
201: The pet is created
"""
self.request.app["model"].add_pet(pet)
return web.json_response(pet.dict())
class PetItemView(PydanticView):
async def get(self, id: int, /) -> Union[r200[Pet], r404[Error]]:
"""
Find a pet by ID
Tags: pet
Status Codes:
200: Successful operation
404: Pet not found
"""
pet = self.request.app["model"].find_pet(id)
return web.json_response(pet.dict())
async def put(self, id: int, /, pet: Pet) -> r200[Pet]:
"""
Update an existing pet
Tags: pet
Status Codes:
200: successful operation
"""
self.request.app["model"].update_pet(id, pet)
return web.json_response(pet.dict())
async def delete(self, id: int, /) -> r204:
self.request.app["model"].remove_pet(id)
return web.Response(status=204)If your method has lot of parameters you can group them together inside one or several Groups.
from aiohttp_pydantic.injectors import Group
class Pagination(Group):
page_num: int = 1
page_size: int = 15
class ArticleView(PydanticView):
async def get(self, page: Pagination):
articles = Article.get(page.page_num, page.page_size)
...The parameters page_num and page_size are expected in the query string, and set inside a Pagination object passed as page parameter.
The code above is equivalent to:
class ArticleView(PydanticView):
async def get(self, page_num: int = 1, page_size: int = 15):
articles = Article.get(page_num, page_size)
...You can add methods or properties to your Group.
class Pagination(Group):
page_num: int = 1
page_size: int = 15
@property
def num(self):
return self.page_num
@property
def size(self):
return self.page_size
def slice(self):
return slice(self.num, self.size)
class ArticleView(PydanticView):
async def get(self, page: Pagination):
articles = Article.get(page.num, page.size)
...You can redefine the on_validation_error hook in your PydanticView
class PetView(PydanticView):
async def on_validation_error(self,
exception: ValidationError,
context: str):
errors = exception.errors()
for error in errors:
error["in"] = context # context is "body", "headers", "path" or "query string"
error["custom"] = "your custom field ..."
return json_response(data=errors, status=400)aiohttp_pydantic provides a basic way to add security to the endpoints. You can define the security on the setup level using the security parameter and then mark view methods that will require this security schema.
from aiohttp import web
from aiohttp_pydantic import oas
app = web.Application()
oas.setup(app, security={"APIKeyHeader": {"type": "apiKey", "in": "header", "name": "Authorization"}})And then mark the view method with the security descriptor
from aiohttp_pydantic import PydanticView
from aiohttp_pydantic.oas.typing import r200, r201, r204, r404
class Pet(BaseModel):
id: int
name: str
class Error(BaseModel):
error: str
class PetCollectionView(PydanticView):
async def get(self) -> r200[List[Pet]]:
"""
Find all pets
Security: APIKeyHeader
Tags: pet
"""
pets = self.request.app["model"].list_pets()
return web.json_response([pet.dict() for pet in pets])
async def post(self, pet: Pet) -> r201[Pet]:
"""
Add a new pet to the store
Tags: pet
Status Codes:
201: The pet is created
"""
self.request.app["model"].add_pet(pet)
return web.json_response(pet.dict())Have a look at demo for a complete example
git clone https://github.com/Maillol/aiohttp-pydantic.git
cd aiohttp-pydantic
pip install .
python -m demoGo to http://127.0.0.1:8080/oas
You can generate the OAS in a json or yaml file using the aiohttp_pydantic.oas command:
python -m aiohttp_pydantic.oas demo.main$ python3 -m aiohttp_pydantic.oas --help
usage: __main__.py [-h] [-b FILE] [-o FILE] [-f FORMAT] [APP [APP ...]]
Generate Open API Specification
positional arguments:
APP The name of the module containing the asyncio.web.Application. By default the variable named
'app' is loaded but you can define an other variable name ending the name of module with :
characters and the name of variable. Example: my_package.my_module:my_app If your
asyncio.web.Application is returned by a function, you can use the syntax:
my_package.my_module:my_app()
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-b FILE, --base-oas-file FILE
A file that will be used as base to generate OAS
-o FILE, --output FILE
File to write the output
-f FORMAT, --format FORMAT
The output format, can be 'json' or 'yaml' (default is json)
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