Geo::IP - Look up location and network information by IP Address
MaxMind will be retiring the GeoIP Legacy databases at the end of May 2022. Until then, this library will only receive critical security and bug fixes. Support for this library will end completely with the last release of the legacy GeoIP databases.
We recommend that you upgrade to our GeoIP2 databases. You can read these from Perl using our GeoIP2 Perl API.
See our blog post for more information.
version 1.50
use Geo::IP;
my $gi = Geo::IP->new(GEOIP_MEMORY_CACHE);
# look up IP address '24.24.24.24'
# returns undef if country is unallocated, or not defined in our database
my $country = $gi->country_code_by_addr('24.24.24.24');
$country = $gi->country_code_by_name('yahoo.com');
# $country is equal to "US"
use Geo::IP;
my $gi = Geo::IP->open("/usr/local/share/GeoIP/GeoIPCity.dat", GEOIP_STANDARD);
my $record = $gi->record_by_addr('24.24.24.24');
print $record->country_code,
$record->country_code3,
$record->country_name,
$record->region,
$record->region_name,
$record->city,
$record->postal_code,
$record->latitude,
$record->longitude,
$record->time_zone,
$record->area_code,
$record->continent_code,
$record->metro_code;
# the IPv6 support is currently only avail if you use the CAPI which is much
# faster anyway. ie: print Geo::IP->api equals to 'CAPI'
use Socket;
use Socket6;
use Geo::IP;
my $g = Geo::IP->open('/usr/local/share/GeoIP/GeoIPv6.dat') or die;
print $g->country_code_by_ipnum_v6(inet_pton AF_INET6, '::24.24.24.24');
print $g->country_code_by_addr_v6('2a02:e88::');
This module uses the GeoIP Legacy file based database. This database simply contains IP blocks as keys, and countries as values. This database should be more complete and accurate than reverse DNS lookups.
This module can be used to automatically select the geographically closest mirror, to analyze your web server logs to determine the countries of your visitors, for credit card fraud detection, and for software export controls.
IP geolocation is inherently imprecise. Locations are often near the center of the population. Any location provided by a GeoIP database or web service should not be used to identify a particular address or household.
Free monthly updates to the database are available from
http://dev.maxmind.com/geoip/geolite
This free database is similar to the database contained in IP::Country, as well as many paid databases. It uses ARIN, RIPE, APNIC, and LACNIC whois to obtain the IP->Country mappings.
If you require greater accuracy, MaxMind offers a database on a paid subscription basis. Also included with this is a service that updates your database automatically each month, by running a program called geoipupdate included with the C API from a cronjob. For more details on the differences between the free and paid databases, see:
http://www.maxmind.com/en/geolocation\_landing
Do not miss the city database, described in Geo::IP::Record
Make sure to use the geolite-mirror-simple.pl script from the example directory to
stay current with the databases.
Benchmark: running city_mem, city_std, country_mem, country_std, country_v6_mem, country_v6_std, isp_mem, isp_std for at least 10 CPU seconds...
city_mem: 10.3121 wallclock secs (10.30 usr + 0.01 sys = 10.31 CPU) @ 387271.48/s (n=3992769)
city_std: 10.0658 wallclock secs ( 2.86 usr + 7.17 sys = 10.03 CPU) @ 54392.62/s (n=545558)
country_mem: 10.1772 wallclock secs (10.16 usr + 0.00 sys = 10.16 CPU) @ 1077507.97/s (n=10947481)
country_std: 10.1432 wallclock secs ( 2.30 usr + 7.85 sys = 10.15 CPU) @ 83629.56/s (n=848840)
country_v6_mem: 10.2579 wallclock secs (10.25 usr + -0.00 sys = 10.25 CPU) @ 365997.37/s (n=3751473)
country_v6_std: 10.8541 wallclock secs ( 1.77 usr + 9.07 sys = 10.84 CPU) @ 10110.42/s (n=109597)
isp_mem: 10.147 wallclock secs (10.13 usr + 0.01 sys = 10.14 CPU) @ 590109.66/s (n=5983712)
isp_std: 10.0484 wallclock secs ( 2.71 usr + 7.33 sys = 10.04 CPU) @ 73186.35/s (n=734791)
-
$gi = Geo::IP->new( $flags );
Constructs a new Geo::IP object with the default database located inside your system's datadir, typically /usr/local/share/GeoIP/GeoIP.dat.
Flags can be set to either GEOIP_STANDARD, or for faster performance (at a cost of using more memory), GEOIP_MEMORY_CACHE. When using memory cache you can force a reload if the file is updated by setting GEOIP_CHECK_CACHE. GEOIP_INDEX_CACHE caches the most frequently accessed index portion of the database, resulting in faster lookups than GEOIP_STANDARD, but less memory usage than GEOIP_MEMORY_CACHE - useful for larger databases such as GeoIP Legacy Organization and GeoIP City. Note, for GeoIP Country, Region and Netspeed databases, GEOIP_INDEX_CACHE is equivalent to GEOIP_MEMORY_CACHE.
Prior to geoip-api version 1.6.3, the C API would leak diagnostic messages onto stderr unconditionally. From Geo::IP v1.44 onwards, the flag squelching this behavior (GEOIP_SILENCE) is implicitly added to the flags passed in new(), open(), and open_type().
To combine flags, use the bitwise OR operator, |. For example, to cache the database in memory, but check for an updated GeoIP.dat file, use: Geo::IP->new( GEOIP_MEMORY_CACHE | GEOIP_CHECK_CACHE );
-
$gi = Geo::IP->open( $database_filename, $flags );
Constructs a new Geo::IP object with the database located at
$database_filename. -
$gi = Geo::IP->open_type( $database_type, $flags );
Constructs a new Geo::IP object with the $database_type database located in the standard location. For example
$gi = Geo::IP->open_type( GEOIP_CITY_EDITION_REV1 , GEOIP_STANDARD );opens the database file in the standard location for GeoIP Legacy City, typically /usr/local/share/GeoIP/GeoIPCity.dat.
-
$code = $gi->country_code_by_addr( $ipaddr );
Returns the ISO 3166 country code for an IP address.
-
$code = $gi->country_code_by_name( $hostname );
Returns the ISO 3166 country code for a hostname.
-
$code = $gi->country_code3_by_addr( $ipaddr );
Returns the 3 letter country code for an IP address.
-
$code = $gi->country_code3_by_name( $hostname );
Returns the 3 letter country code for a hostname.
-
$name = $gi->country_name_by_addr( $ipaddr );
Returns the full country name for an IP address.
-
$name = $gi->country_name_by_name( $hostname );
Returns the full country name for a hostname.
-
$r = $gi->record_by_addr( $ipaddr );
Returns a Geo::IP::Record object containing city location for an IP address.
-
$r = $gi->record_by_name( $hostname );
Returns a Geo::IP::Record object containing city location for a hostname.
-
$org = $gi->org_by_addr( $ipaddr ); deprecated use
name_by_addrinstead.Returns the Organization, ISP name or Domain Name for an IP address.
-
$org = $gi->org_by_name( $hostname ); deprecated use
name_by_nameinstead.Returns the Organization, ISP name or Domain Name for a hostname.
-
$info = $gi->database_info;
Returns database string, includes version, date, build number and copyright notice.
-
$old_charset = $gi->set_charset( $charset );
Set the charset for the city name - defaults to GEOIP_CHARSET_ISO_8859_1. To set UTF8, pass GEOIP_CHARSET_UTF8 to set_charset. For perl >= 5.008 the utf8 flag is honored.
-
$charset = $gi->charset;
Gets the currently used charset.
-
( $country, $region ) = $gi->region_by_addr('24.24.24.24');
Returns a list containing country and region. If region and/or country is unknown, undef is returned. Sure this works only for region databases.
-
( $country, $region ) = $gi->region_by_name('www.xyz.com');
Returns a list containing country and region. If region and/or country is unknown, undef is returned. Sure this works only for region databases.
-
$netmask = $gi->last_netmask;
Gets netmask of network block from last lookup.
-
$gi->netmask(12);
Sets netmask for the last lookup
-
my ( $from, $to ) = $gi->range_by_ip('24.24.24.24');
Returns the start and end of the current network block. The method tries to join several continuous netblocks.
-
$api = $gi->api or $api = Geo::IP->api
Returns the currently used API.
# prints either CAPI or PurePerl print Geo::IP->api; -
$continent = $gi->continent_code_by_country_code('US');
Returns the continent code by country code.
-
$dbe = $gi->database_edition
Returns the database_edition of the currently opened database.
if ( $gi->database_edition == GEOIP_COUNTRY_EDITION ){ ... } -
$isp = $gi->isp_by_addr('24.24.24.24');
Returns the isp for 24.24.24.24
-
$isp = $gi->isp_by_name('www.maxmind.com');
Returns the isp for www.something.de
-
my $time_zone = $gi->time_zone('US', 'AZ');
Returns the time zone for country/region.
# undef print $gi->time_zone('US', ''); # America/Phoenix print $gi->time_zone('US', 'AZ'); # Europe/Berlin print $gi->time_zone('DE', '00'); # Europe/Berlin print $gi->time_zone('DE', ''); -
$id = $gi->id_by_addr('24.24.24.24');
Returns the country_id for 24.24.24.24. The country_id might be useful as array index. 0 is unknown.
-
$id = $gi->id_by_name('www.maxmind.com');
Returns the country_id for www.maxmind.com. The country_id might be useful as array index. 0 is unknown.
-
$cc = $gi->country_code3_by_addr_v6('::24.24.24.24');
-
$cc = $gi->country_code3_by_name_v6('ipv6.google.com');
-
$cc = $gi->country_code_by_addr_v6('2a02:ea0::');
-
$cc = $gi->country_code_by_ipnum_v6($ipnum);
use Socket; use Socket6; use Geo::IP; my $g = Geo::IP->open('/usr/local/share/GeoIP/GeoIPv6.dat') or die; print $g->country_code_by_ipnum_v6(inet_pton AF_INET6, '::24.24.24.24'); -
$cc = $gi->country_code_by_name_v6('ipv6.google.com');
-
name_by_addr
Returns the Organization, ISP name or Domain Name for a IP address.
-
name_by_addr_v6
Returns the Organization, ISP name or Domain Name for an IPv6 address.
-
name_by_ipnum_v6
Returns the Organization, ISP name or Domain Name for an ipnum.
-
name_by_name
Returns the Organization, ISP name or Domain Name for a hostname.
-
name_by_name_v6
Returns the Organization, ISP name or Domain Name for a hostname.
-
org_by_addr_v6 deprecated use
name_by_addr_v6Returns the Organization, ISP name or Domain Name for an IPv6 address.
-
org_by_name_v6 deprecated use
name_by_name_v6Returns the Organization, ISP name or Domain Name for a hostname.
-
teredo
Returns the current setting for teredo.
-
enable_teredo
Enable / disable teredo
$gi->enable_teredo(1); # enable $gi->enable_teredo(0); # disable -
lib_version
if ( $gi->api eq 'CAPI' ){ print $gi->lib_version; }
Is available from GitHub, see
https://github.com/maxmind/geoip-api-perl
GeoIP2 - database reader for the GeoIP2 format.
Bugs may be submitted through https://github.com/maxmind/geoip-api-perl/issues.
- Dave Rolsky [email protected]
- Greg Oschwald [email protected]
- asb-cpan [email protected]
- Boris Zentner [email protected]
- Boris Zentner [email protected]
- John SJ Anderson [email protected]
- Olaf Alders [email protected]
- Philip A. Prindeville [email protected]
- shawniverson [email protected]
- Thomas J Mather [email protected]
- Tina Mueller [email protected]
- Will Storey [email protected]
This software is copyright (c) 2002 - 2017 by MaxMind, Inc.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.
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