oelin / urm

Unlimited register machine implementation in Python.

URM

An unlimited register machine implementation in Python.

Introduction

An unlimited register machine (URM) is a Turing-complete model of computation which resembles a rudimentary assembly language. It's often used in theoretical computer science during proofs as a stand-in for Turing machines due to it's more familiar syntax. The code below implements a URM program which computes r2 = r0 + r1 where r0, r1 and r2 are the first, second and third registers respectively. In total there are an unlimited number of registers to select from (hence the name).

# r2 = r0 + r1

m 0 2
z 3
s 2
s 3
j 3 1 6
j 0 0 2
x

Instruction Set

This implementation supports just four simple instructions. These instructions are sufficient for Turing completeness.

Zero

Sets the value of register n to zero.

z <n> 

Successor

Increments the value of register n by 1.

s <n>

Move

Copies the value of register n into register m.

m <n> <m>

Jump

Branches execution to instruction i if the value of register n equals the value of register m.

j <n> <m> <i>

API

URM exposes a simple interface for executing URM programs; namely through the UnlimitedRegisterMachine.execute() method.

from urm import UnlimitedRegisterMachine

i, registers = UnlimitedRegisterMachine.execute(<register map>, <code>)

This method takes in a register map and source code string, and returns a new register map as well as the instruction index at which the program terminated. Here's an example using the addition program shown in the introduction.

from urm import UnlimitedRegisterMachine

addition = '''m 0 2
z 3
s 2
s 3
j 3 1 6
j 0 0 2
x'''

x = 1
y = 2

_, registers = UnlimitedRegisterMachine.execute({ 0: x, 1: y }, addition)
z = registers[2]

print(f'{x} + {y} = {z}')

Conclusion

URMs are useful constructions for theoretical computer scientists. This Python package aims to make them more concrete for research or fun.