Similarity Detection

Description

In this project we created a tool that is able to detect phishing websites. It takes a domain as input and now scans the internet for domains that look similar to the given one. For that we use a process that is called Typosquatting. If there really exist some of those websites the second component of the tool comes in, the Website Comparison Tool. Now the target website that was given is compared to the generated ones, found earlier. At the end the tool states a similarity score how suspicious the compared website is. With our tool companies can check for malicious websites, that try to impersonate them.

Installation

clone repository
run virtualenv -p python3 similarity-detection-tool to create the virtual environment
run cd similarity-detection-tool && source bin/activate to attach to the virtualenv
run chmod +x requirements/requirements.sh && sudo requirements/requirements.sh to install required packages
run pip3 install -r requirements/requirements.txt to install required python modules

Usage

Command

python3 main.py <domain> <typos> Note that the input must only be a domain name not the whole URL. That means that you should use google.com instead of https://google.com
If you want as many typo-domain generations as possible set the value to -2.

Output

By default the tool will log the outcome of the comparing in the logs directory in the specific domain directory. E.g. logs/google.com. With logging enabled it will also create a results.txt containing all tested URLs and their similarity scores.

Components

Typosquatting

Typoquatting is a simple attack based on the idea that a victim makes a mistake while typing the url. There can be many mistakes like missing a letter of the URL while or just simply misspelling a word.
The work of this project focuses on the miss typing of an URL and using different Top-Level Domains(TLD). E.g. when you try to enter google.com but type hoogle.com or type example.com instead of example.de.
Also this work focus on similar looking URLs. E.g. google.com and gocgle.com.

Features

Generating new domains based on three criteria
- Miss typing on the keyboard, with that all letters around
- Similar looking letters (e.g. o and c or v and u)
- Similar sounding letters (e.g. y and i)
- Different Top-Level Domains
Checking
- Check if the domain exist via a DNS lookup over IPv4

Website Comparison Tool

Given two URLs the tool will look at different features of the websites trying to compare them. For each feature it calculates a similarity percentage which are then used to set a score for the specific feature. The sum of all feature scores is the final similarity score that states how suspicious a website looks like.

Features

Content
- remove HTML markup
- Similarity Percentage: line overlaps on both websites
Domain
- remove common parts like [.de, .com, http, https, etc]
- Similarity Percentage: word overlaps on both domains
Links
- collect all hrefs in both websites (html-tag: href)
- loop through all of them to compare everyone to everyone
- Similarity Percentage: average word overlaps
Image-URLs
- collect all image-links in both websites (html-tag: src)
- loop through all links to compare everyone to everyone
- Similarity Percentage: average word overlaps
Images
- create screenshot of both websites and compare them
- use different metrics for comparing (MSE, SSIM, SIM)
  - MSE: compare each pixel of the one image to the corresponding pixel of the other image
  - SSIM: same as MSE but with bigger kernel size
  - SIM: take difference of both images in embedding space

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