ruilvdotcomceo / diffusiontensorimaging

Single Shell Free Water Elimination Model for Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Single Shell Free Water Elimination Diffusion Tensor Model

This is a Python implementation of a Free Water Elimination Model for the analysis of Single Shell Diffusion Tensor MRI Images. We would like to separate out the signal decay of extracellular free water from water that is in the vicinity of cellular tissue. This is an ill-posed problem because there are infinitely many solutions. So constraints are imposed via the time evolution of a gradient flow on a Riemannian manifold to get a unique solution. The resulting optimization problem is solved via gradient descent. This software is written for educational purposes only.

Fig 1. Free Water corrected Fractional Anisotropy

Software requirements

This code was developed with the following packages.

• Python 3.6.3
• Dipy 0.14.0

Getting Started

• Download with git. git checkout https://github.com/sameerd/DiffusionTensorImaging.git
• Follow one of the two examples
  • example.py : python script that can be used in a pipeline with local data.
  • Example.ipynb : Jupyter Notebook with an interactive overview of how to use this repository with publicly available data
• Check that the first panel (marked loss below) converges

Fig 2. Loss function panels

If the model isn't converging, you can try reducing the time step dt or increase the number of iterations. Once you are sure about convergence, you can use the code's convenience functions to return the free water map, the free water corrected mean diffusivity, and the free water corrected Fractional Anisotropy (see Fig 1. above).

Documentation

• This README file has an overview of how to use this repository.
• The SingleShellFreewater.pdf file helps describe what the code is doing in the language of mathematics and ties it to the reference papers.
• The core of the implementation is in the freewater.py file and the interface class in freewater_runner.py.

Caveats

• This software is untested. Please do your own testing before using it.

• There is a separate effort by @mvgolub and @RafaelNH to put in an expanded single shell model into the Dipy repository. Please follow along at the Dipy Issue Tracker #827. When the Dipy version is ready, it is likely to be better tested, more user friendly, efficient and have more features than the version in this repository.

Memory Usage

On a recent test, a volume of size 100x100x10 with approximately 200 gradient directions consumed around 3GB of memory and took approximately 30 minutes to run using a 2GHz AMD opteron 6100 Series processor. A more realistically sized larger volume will take longer to run and consume more memory. Try to make sure that there is enough memory to prevent swapping to disk.

References

• Pasternak, O. , Sochen, N. , Gur, Y. , Intrator, N. and Assaf, Y. (2009), Free water elimination and mapping from diffusion MRI. Magn. Reson. Med., 62: 717-730. doi:10.1002/mrm.22055

• Pasternak O., Maier-Hein K., Baumgartner C., Shenton M.E., Rathi Y., Westin CF. (2014) The Estimation of Free-Water Corrected Diffusion Tensors. In: Westin CF., Vilanova A., Burgeth B. (eds) Visualization and Processing of Tensors and Higher Order Descriptors for Multi-Valued Data. Mathematics and Visualization. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg doi:10.1007/978-3-642-54301-2_11