Use preallocated staging buffers more extensively.

Build status

Overview

This is the official Quake 2 code v3.21 with Vulkan support and mission packs included. The goal of this project is to maintain as much compatibility as possible with the original game - just pure, vanilla Quake 2 experience as we knew it back in 1997. There are, however, a few notable differences that made the cut for various reasons:

world colors have been slightly upgraded - the game's original, darker look can be toggled with the vk_postprocess console command
64-bit support, additional screen resolutions and DPI awareness have been added
underwater vision warp effect similar to software renderer has been implemented and enabled by default
antialiasing and sample shading is now natively supported
anisotropic filtering toggle has been added
players can now change texture filtering modes from within the video menu
mouse acceleration has been disabled
console contents can be scrolled with a mouse wheel
HUD elements, menus and console text are now scaled accordingly on higher screen resolutions (can be overridden with the hudscale console command)
viewmodel weapons are no longer hidden when FOV > 90
Vulkan renderer fixes broken warp texture effect (water, lava, slime) seen in OpenGL
software renderer has been completely replaced with KolorSoft 1.1 - this adds colored lighting and fixes severe instabilities of the original implementation
triangle fans have been replaced with indexed triangle lists due to Metal/MoltenVK limitations
on Linux, sound is now handled by ALSA instead of OSS
support for OGG/FLAC/MP3/WAV music has been added in addition to standard CD audio
music volume slider has been added (OGG/FLAC/MP3/WAV only, CD music still plays at full volume as originally intended)
game menus have been slightly improved
added Nightmare/Hard+ skill to the game menu
added the aimfix console command, backported from Berserker@Quake2

A more detailed description of the thought process behind this project can be found in my blog post, where I explain the overall design, how I attacked some of the problems and also how things developed after the initial release.

Building

For extra challenge I decided to base vkQuake2 on the original id Software code. Because of this, there are no dependencies on external SDL-like libraries and the entire project is mostly self-contained. This also implies that some of the original bugs could be present.

Windows

download and install the latest Vulkan SDK
install Visual Studio Community 2022 with the latest Windows SDK and C++ MFC for build tools
open quake2.sln and choose the target architecture (x86/x64) - it should build without any additional steps

Linux

Unfortunately, Linux code for Quake 2 has not aged well and for that reason only the Vulkan renderer is available for use at this time. Build steps assume that Ubuntu is the target distribution:

install required dependencies:

sudo apt install make gcc g++ mesa-common-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libxxf86dga-dev libxxf86vm-dev libasound2-dev libx11-dev libxcb1-dev

Install the latest Vulkan SDK - the easiest way is to use LunarG Ubuntu Packages - just follow the instructions and there will be no additional steps required. If you decide for a manual installation, make sure that proper environment variables are set afterwards by adding the following section to your .bashrc file (replace SDK version and location with the ones corresponding to your system):

export VULKAN_SDK=/home/user/VulkanSDK/1.3.224.1/x86_64
export PATH=$VULKAN_SDK/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$VULKAN_SDK/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export VK_LAYER_PATH=$VULKAN_SDK/etc/explicit_layer.d

make sure your graphics drivers support Vulkan (run vulkaninfo to verify) - if not, you can get them with:

sudo apt install mesa-vulkan-drivers

enter the linux directory and type make release or make debug depending on which variant you want to build - output binaries will be placed in linux/releasex64 and linux/debugx64 subdirectories respectively

MacOS

download and extract the latest Vulkan SDK
install XCode 10.1 (or later) and add the VULKAN_SDK environment variable to Locations/Custom Paths - make it point to the downloaded SDK
open macos/vkQuake2.xcworkspace - it should build without any additional steps
alternatively, you can compile the game from the command line - modify your .bash_profile and add the following entries (replace SDK version and location with the ones corresponding to your system):

export VULKAN_SDK=/home/user/VulkanSDK/1.3.224.1
export VK_ICD_FILENAMES=$VULKAN_SDK/share/vulkan/icd.d/MoltenVK_icd.json
export VK_LAYER_PATH=$VULKAN_SDK/share/vulkan/explicit_layer.d

enter the macos directory and run make release-xcode or make debug-xcode depending on which variant you want to build - output binaries will be placed in macos/vkQuake2 subdirectory
it is also possible to build the game with Command Line Developer Tools if you have them installed: enter the macos directory and run make release or make debug - output binaries will be placed in macos/release and macos/debug subdirectories respectively

This project uses the Vulkan loader bundled with the SDK, rather than directly linking against MoltenVK.framework. This is done so that validation layers are available for debugging. Builds have been tested using MacOS 10.14.2.

FreeBSD

install required Vulkan packages:

pkg install vulkan-tools vulkan-validation-layers

make sure your graphics drivers support Vulkan (run vulkaninfo to verify) - if not, you should either update them or find a package that is best suited for your hardware configuration
enter the linux directory and type make release or make debug depending on which variant you want to build - output binaries will be placed in linux/releasex64 and linux/debugx64 subdirectories respectively

Raspberry Pi 4

Thanks to the effort of Igalia and their V3DV Driver, it is possible to compile and run vkQuake2 on Raspberry Pi 4. Same build instructions as for Linux apply.

Running

Windows

The Visual Studio C++ Redistributable is required to run the application: 32-bit or 64-bit depending on the chosen architecture. These are provided automatically if you have Visual Studio installed.

All platforms

The release package comes only with the Quake 2 Demo content to showcase Vulkan functionality. For full experience, copy retail .pak, model and video files into the baseq2 directory and run the executable. For mission packs, copy necessary data to rogue ("Ground Zero"), xatrix ("The Reckoning"), zaero ("Quake II: Zaero") and smd ("Slight Mechanical Destruction") directories respectively. You can then start the game with either ./quake2 +set game rogue, ./quake2 +set game xatrix, ./quake2 +set game zaero or ./quake2 +set game smd.

Music

This project uses Miniaudio for music playback if the original game CD is not available. For standard Quake 2, copy all tracks into the baseq2/music directory following the trackXX.[ogg,flac,mp3,wav] naming scheme (so track02.ogg, track03.ogg... for OGG files etc.). For "Ground Zero" and "The Reckoning", copy the tracks to rogue/music and xatrix/music directories respectively. For additional control over the playback, use the miniaudio [on,off,play [X],loop [X],stop,pause,resume,info] console command.

Console commands

The following commands are available when using the Vulkan renderer:

Command	Action
`vk_validation`	Toggle validation layers: `0` - disabled (default in Release) `1` - only errors and warnings `2` - full validation (default in Debug) `3` - enables `VK_VALIDATION_FEATURE_ENABLE_BEST_PRACTICES_EXT`
`vk_strings`	Print some basic Vulkan/GPU information.
`vk_mem`	Print dynamic vertex/index/uniform/triangle fan buffer memory and descriptor set usage statistics.
`vk_device`	Specify index of the preferred Vulkan device on systems with multiple GPUs: `-1` - prefer first DISCRETE_GPU (default) `0..n` - use device #n (full list of devices is returned by `vk_strings` command)
`vk_msaa`	Toggle MSAA (multisampling): `0` - off (default) `1` - MSAAx2 `2` - MSAAx4 `3` - MSAAx8 `4` - MSAAx16
`vk_sampleshading`	Toggle sample shading (supersampling) for MSAA. (default: `0`)
`vk_mode`	Vulkan video mode (default: `11`). Setting this to `-1` uses a custom screen resolution defined by `r_customwidth` (default: `1024`) and `r_customheight` (default: `768`) console variables.
`vk_flashblend`	Toggle the blending of lights onto the environment. (default: `0`)
`vk_polyblend`	Blend fullscreen effects: blood, powerups etc. (default: `1`)
`vk_skymip`	Toggle the usage of mipmap information for the sky graphics. (default: `0`)
`vk_finish`	Inserts a `vkDeviceWaitIdle()` call on frame render start (default: `0`). Don't use this, it's there just for the sake of having a `gl_finish` equivalent!
`vk_point_particles`	Toggle between using POINT_LIST and textured triangles for particle rendering. (default: `1`)
`vk_particle_size`	Rendered particle size. (default: `40`)
`vk_particle_att_a`	Intensity of the particle A attribute. (default: `0.01`)
`vk_particle_att_b`	Intensity of the particle B attribute. (default: `0`)
`vk_particle_att_c`	Intensity of the particle C attribute. (default: `0.01`)
`vk_particle_min_size`	The minimum size of a rendered particle. (default: `2`)
`vk_particle_max_size`	The maximum size of a rendered particle. (default: `40`)
`vk_lockpvs`	Lock current PVS table. (default: `0`)
`vk_clear`	Clear the color buffer each frame. (default: `0`)
`vk_modulate`	Texture brightness modifier. (default: `1`)
`vk_shadows`	Draw experimental entity shadows. (default: `0`)
`vk_picmip`	Shrink factor for the textures. (default: `0`)
`vk_round_down`	Toggle the rounding of texture sizes. (default: `1`)
`vk_log`	Log frame validation data to file. (default: `0`)
`vk_dynamic`	Use dynamic lighting. (default: `1`)
`vk_showtris`	Display mesh triangles. (default: `0`)
`vk_lightmap`	Display lightmaps. (default: `0`)
`vk_aniso`	Toggle anisotropic filtering. (default: `1`)
`vk_vsync`	Toggle vertical sync. (default: `0`)
`vk_postprocess`	Toggle additional color/gamma correction. (default: `1`)
`vk_underwater`	Toggle player vision warp when underwater. (default: `1`)
`vk_restart`	Recreate entire Vulkan subsystem.
`vk_mip_nearfilter`	Use nearest-neighbor filtering for mipmaps. (default: `0`)
`vk_texturemode`	Change current texture filtering mode: `VK_NEAREST` - nearest-neighbor interpolation, no mipmaps `VK_LINEAR` - linear interpolation, no mipmaps `VK_MIPMAP_NEAREST` - nearest-neighbor interpolation with mipmaps `VK_MIPMAP_LINEAR` - linear interpolation with mipmaps (default)
`vk_lmaptexturemode`	Same as `vk_texturemode` but applied to lightmap textures.
`vk_fullscreen_exclusive`	Windows only: toggle usage of exclusive fullscreen mode (default: `1`). Note that when this option is enabled, there is no guarantee that exclusive fullscreen can be acquired on your system.

Acknowledgements

Sascha Willems for his Vulkan Samples
Adam Sawicki for Vulkan Memory Allocator and tips on how to use it as efficiently as possible
Axel Gneiting for vkQuake which was a great inspiration and a rich source of knowledge
LunarG team and the Khronos Group for their invaluable help and resources
Dorian Apanel and the Intel team for technical support, inspiring email discussions and blazing-fast reaction to driver bug reports!

Known Issues

some Intel GPUs may ignore texture filtering settings in video menu if anisotropic filtering is enabled - this is the result of anisotropic texture filtering being implementation-dependent
macOS using Vulkan SDK 1.2.162 or higher: the application may hang on some MacBooks if vk_sampleshading is enabled due to a potential bug in the Metal driver causing a deadlock during shader compilation

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Linux

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Running

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Music

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